Table 1
Types of supervisors’ interruptions during patient case review presentations, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Ontario, Canada 2010
|
Type |
Description |
Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Probing for further data |
Supervisors ask questions about patient facts, management details, or clarification |
Case 17; AM CC-5: Her haemoglobin was 94. A‑9: Do we have a previous? CC-5: Yeah, she had one done at the cancer clinic |
|
Prompting for expected sequence |
Supervisors indicate what is expected to come next in the presentation, either proactively or as a correction |
Case 10; AM A‑3: Cardiovascular exam? IM1-7: Her cardiovascular exam was completely normal |
|
Teaching around the case |
Supervisors teach the team using a variety of teaching styles |
Case 2; PM SR-6: So what’s the best route to replace potassium? CC-4: Orally. SR-6: Yeah, orally. Do you know why? |
|
Thinking out loud |
Supervisors convey their thoughts or provide their interpretation of the case |
Case 19; AM A‑10: And common things being common, I mean, that probably was the trigger. It’d be highly unlikely that she’s got two independent things |
|
Providing direction |
Supervisors give instructions for managing the case |
Case 14; AM A‑4: He’s going to need prolonged IV antibiotics, probably 6 weeks if he’s true osteo and someone’s going to need to follow that |
AM indicates morning case presentation; PM overnight case presentation; A attending physician; SR senior resident; IM1 first-year internal medicine resident; FM1 first-year family medicine resident; CC clinical clerk