Fig. 1
Schema of experimental design
Table 1
Summary of survey questions
|
Question topics |
Variable type |
|---|---|
|
Demographic characteristics including age, sex, ethnicity, income, education, and region of residence |
Varies by question |
|
Healthcare information including insurance status, hospital type (academic centre or otherwise), and number of times in the past 12 months seeing a physician |
Varies by question |
|
Reported willingness to consent to be seen by medical traineea |
Categorical (binary) |
|
Perceived level of post-secondary education, medical education, and experience seeing patients |
Numeric |
|
Perceived certification status, legal responsibilities to confidentiality, and ability to prescribe medications |
Categorical (binary) |
|
Comfort with medical trainee conducting medical interview componentsa |
Numeric |
|
Comfort with medical trainee conducting physical exam componentsa |
Numeric |
|
Opinion of best title for trainee |
Categorical |
aAsked prior to and after informing participants about average medical trainee's training level and responsibilities.
Table 2
Sample descriptive statistics
|
Medical student n = 148 (%) |
Student doctor n = 142 (%) |
Student physician n = 142 (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age | |||
|
18–24 |
7 (4.7) |
13 (9.2) |
14 (10.0) |
|
25–34 |
73 (49.3) |
61 (43.0) |
61 (43.0) |
|
35–44 |
35 (23.6) |
37 (26.1) |
39 (27.5) |
|
45–54 |
25 (16.9) |
17 (12.0) |
20 (14.1) |
|
55–64 |
4 (2.7) |
8 (5.6) |
6 (4.2) |
|
65 + |
4 (2.7) |
6 (4.2) |
2 (1.4) |
|
Sex | |||
|
Male |
70 (47.3) |
74 (52.1) |
69 (48.6) |
|
Female |
78 (52.7) |
68 (47.9) |
73 (51.4) |
|
Race | |||
|
Non-Hispanic White |
105 (70.9) |
110 (77.5) |
104 (73.2) |
|
Non-Hispanic Black |
13 (7.8) |
8 (5.6) |
13 (9.2) |
|
Hispanic |
14 (9.5) |
5 (3.5) |
7 (4.9) |
|
Asian |
14 (9.5) |
17 (12.0) |
14 (9.9) |
|
Other |
2 (1.4) |
1 (0.7) |
4 (2.8) |
|
Income | |||
|
< 15 |
35 (23.6) |
32 (22.5) |
29 (20.4) |
|
15–24 K |
24 (16.2) |
24 (16.9) |
27 (19.0) |
|
25–34 K |
25 (16.9) |
28 (19.7) |
26 (18.3) |
|
35–49 K |
27 (18.2) |
29 (20.4) |
24 (16.9) |
|
≥ 50 K |
37 (25.0) |
29 (20.4) |
36 (25.4) |
|
Education | |||
|
Less than high school |
2 (1.4) |
3 (2.1) |
2 (1.4) |
|
Graduated high school |
14 (9.5) |
24 (16.9) |
19 (13.3) |
|
Attended/attending some college |
52 (35.1) |
48 (33.8) |
50 (35.2) |
|
Graduated from college |
80 (54.1) |
67 (47.2) |
71 (50.0) |
|
Region of residence | |||
|
Northeast |
32 (21.6) |
30 (21.1) |
29 (20.4) |
|
Midwest |
28 (18.9) |
31 (21.8) |
25 (17.6) |
|
South |
50 (33.8) |
46 (32.4) |
41 (28.9) |
|
West |
32 (21.6) |
31 (21.8) |
40 (28.2) |
|
Unknown |
6 (4.1) |
4 (2.8) |
7 (4.9) |
Table 3
Comparison of subjects’ reported comfort by medical trainee title and pre-post educational intervention
|
Mean (SD) |
Significance across titles |
Significance pre versus Post | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Pre-informing average exam comfort | |||
|
Combined |
6.49 (2.43) | ||
|
Medical student |
6.58 (2.37) | ||
|
Student doctor |
6.55 (2.40) |
0.661 | |
|
Student physician |
6.34 (2.53) | ||
|
Post-informing average exam comfort |
< 0.001 | ||
|
Combined |
6.68 (2.41) | ||
|
Medical student |
6.74 (2.32) | ||
|
Student doctor |
6.74 (2.47) |
0.769 | |
|
Student physician |
6.55 (2.62) | ||
|
Pre-informing average interview comfort | |||
|
Combined |
6.10 (2.41) | ||
|
Medical student |
6.22 (2.48) | ||
|
Student doctor |
6.27 (2.14) |
0.218 | |
|
Student physician |
5.82 (2.56) | ||
|
Post-informing average interview comfort |
< 0.001 | ||
|
Combined |
6.53 (2.52) | ||
|
Medical student |
6.64 (2.48) | ||
|
Student doctor |
6.68 (2.31) |
0.325 | |
|
Student physician |
6.27 (2.73) | ||
Fig. 2
Graphical representation of subjects’ perceptions of medical trainees’ education and responsibilities by medical trainee title
