Table 1
Blue pens Analyzed.
| Pen code | Brand/model |
|---|---|
| A1 | Bic ecolutions round stic |
| A2 | Bic fine point |
| A3 | Bic cristal pocket |
| A4 | Faber Castell trilux 032 Medium |
| A5 | Faber Castell trilux 035 Fine |
| A6 | Faber Castel EC-07 |
| A7 | Faber Castell Medium |
| A8 | Compactor 07 fine |
| A9 | Compactor TOP2000 |
| A10 | Pilot BPS 0.7 AZ |
| A11 | Injex Pen new |
| A11.2 | Injex Pen used |
| A12 | BRW new |
| A12.1 | BRW used |
| A13 | Pilot Super Grip 1.0 |
| A14 | Tris Hit Blue |
| A15 | Tris Exec 1.0 |
| A16 | CIS Silver Stick 1.0 |
| A17 | Pentel Star V 0.7– India |
| A19 | Uni Laknok 1.4 (Japan) |
| A20 | Office |
| A21 | Stabilo Excel 828M |
| A22 | Stabilo Tropikana (Germany) |
| A23 | Paper Mate Kilometrica 100 1.0 |
| A24 | New Pen Clic |
| A25 | Master Print |
| A26 | Bic Cristal |
| A27 | Unknown brand |
| A28 | Compactor Economic |
| A29 | Pilot Super Grip nova 1.6 |
| A30 | Bic Atlantis 1.6 |
| A31 | Tilibra super BP 1.0 |
| A32 | Uni SAS Fine (Japan) |
| A33 | Uni Lakubo 1.0 (Japan) |
| A35 | Stabilo bille 508 (Germany) |
| A36 | Molin CR-45 (France) |
Table 2
Black pens analysed.
| Pen Code | Brand/model |
|---|---|
| P1 | Bic cristal pocket |
| P2 | Bic ECOLUTIONS round stic |
| P3 | Bic Diamond |
| P4 | Bic cristal |
| P5.1 | Injex Pen used |
| P6 | Faber Castel trilux 032 Medium |
| P7 | Faber Castell fine point |
| P8 | Pilot BPS 0.7 fine point |
| P9 | Stabilo Excel 828 M |
| P10 | BRW new |
| P10.2 | BRW used |
| P11.1 | Molin (France) |
| P12 | Uni Laknok 0.7 fine point |
| P13 | Ita |
| P14 | Cis Neotip 1.0 |
| P15 | Pentel Star V 0.7 – India |
| P16 | Paper Mate Kilometrica 1.0 |
| P17 | Jocar Office |
| P18 | Faber Castel trilux 035 fine |
| P19 | Bic Atlantis 1.6 |
| P20 | Pilot Super Grip 1.6 |
| P21 | Tilibra Super BP 1.0 |
| P22 | Staedler Ball 432 M |
| P23 | Molin 0.7 trion (France) |
| P25 | Uni SAS Fine – Japan |
| P26 | Stabilo M Bille 508 (Germany) |
| P27 | Cis Speed 1.0 |
Table 3
Kind of papers analyzed
| Paper Code | Characteristics |
|---|---|
| Paper 1 | White office paper 75 g/m2 (Chamex®) |
| Paper 2 | Recycled office paper 75 g/m2 (Chamex®) |
| Paper 6 | White office paper 75 g/m2 (Premiatto®) |
| Paper 8 | Recycled office paper 80 g/m2 (Beller®) |
| Paper 14 | White office paper 75 g/m2 (One®) |
Figure 1
Illustrative image of paper influence experiment. Above: spectra of Paper 14. Below: PC1 loadings of blue pens.
Figure 2
PC1 versus PC2 and HCA results for blue pens recently applied.
Figure 3
PC1 versus PC2 and HCA results for black pens recently applied. *Preta—means “black pen”
Figure 4
HCA results for black pens (P) (above) and blue pens (A)(below) sampled directly from the cartridge.
Figure 5
PCA results for A32 pen: left: PC1xPC3 with fresh sample; right: PC1xPC2 without fresh sample. Loadings for A32 pen: first figure, PC3 loadings with the fresh sample. Second figure, PC1 loadings without fresh sample.
Table 4
Blue pens Analyzed by age.
| Pen | PCA Results | PCA Results |
|---|---|---|
| code | With fresh samples | Without fresh samples |
| A1 | PC1 x PC2 Only resolved Fresh sample | PC1 x PC2 resolved recent ink in PC1 negative Loadings of solvents in PC1 and PC3 negative |
| A12 | PC2 x PC3 resolved fresh ink in PC3 positive Loadings of solvents in PC3 positive | PC1 x PC2 resolved earlier from older samples Recent ink in PC1 negative Loadings of solvents in PC1 negative |
| A17 | PC2 x PC3 resolved Fresh ink in PC2 negative Loadings of solvents in PC2 positive | PC2 x PC3 resolved Recent ink in PC3 negative Loadings of solvents in PC3 negative One year sample differed from older ones |
| A19 | PC1xPC2 resolved fresh ink in PC2 negative Loadings of solvents in PC2 negative | PC1 x PC2 resolved earlier from older samples Recent ink in PC1 negative Loadings of solvents in PC1 negative |
| A21 | PC1 x PC2 resolved Fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | PC1 x PC2 resolved all samples each one in a PC square Loadings of solvents in PC1 negative |
| A26 | PC2 x PC3 resolved well fresh ink from older ink Loadings of solvents in PC3 positive and PC2 negative | PC1 x PC4 resolved 14 days sample from de others Loadings of solvents in PC1 negative and PC4 positive |
| A31 | PC1 x PC2 resolved fresh and 14 days ink in PC2 negative Loadings of solvents in PC2 negative | PC1 x PC4 resolved 14 days sample from de others Loadings of solvents in PC1 negative and PC4 positive 1year sample did not differ from older samples |
| A32 | PC1 x PC3 resolved fresh ink in PC1 and PC3 positive and PC2 x PC3 resolved Fresh an 14 days ink Loadings in PC3 positive, 1year sample did not differ from older samples | PC1 x PC2 resolved earlier from older samples Recent ink in PC1 negative and PC2 positive 1year sample did not differ from older samples |
Figure 6a
HCA results for blue pens after 14 days.
Figure 6b
HCA results for blue pens after 07 months.
Figure 6c
HCA results for blue pens after 2 years.
Figure 7a
PCA results for black pen BRW (P10): over: PC1xPC2; down: PC2xPC3.
Figure 7b
Loadings of PC1 for black pen BRW (P10).
Table 5
Black pens Analyzed by age
| PCA Results | Other relevant PCs | |
|---|---|---|
| With fresh samples | ||
| P1 | PC1xPC2 resolved fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | Without fresh samples: PC1xPC2 resolved recent ink in PC1 and PC2 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 and PC2 positive |
| P9 | PC1xPC2 resolved fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | PC2 x PC3 resolved all samples each one in a PC square. These PCs did not influence in fresh sample |
| P10 | PC1xPC2 resolved fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | PC2 x PC3 resolved all samples each one in a PC square. PC3 did not influence in fresh and 7 months sample |
| P15 | PC1 x PC2 resolved Fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | PC2 x PC3 resolved all samples each one in a PC square. These PCs did not influence in fresh sample |
| P16 | PC1 x PC2 resolved Fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | PC2 x PC3 resolved all samples each one in a PC square. These PCs did not influence in fresh sample |
| P21 | PC1 x PC2 resolved Fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive and PC2 negative | PC2 x PC3 resolved all samples each one in a PC square. PC3 did not influence in fresh sample Loadings of solvents in PC2 negative |
| P25 | PC1 x PC2 resolved Fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive and PC2 negative | PC3 did not influence in fresh and 7 months samples Loadings of solvents in PC2 negative |
| P6 | PC1xPC2 resolved fresh ink in PC1 positive Loadings of solvents in PC1 positive | NA |
Figure 8a
PC1 x PC2 for Bic Crystal (P1): left: with fresh sample; right: removing fresh sample.
Figure 8b
PC1 Loadings for Bic Crystal pen, removing the freshly applied sample.