Figure 1
The two model signatures with horizontal baselines indicated by the red lines and the alignments of the baselines of the signatures indicated by the green lines.
Figure 2
Forward slant of some letters (red lines) and backward slant of others (green arrows), relative to the baselines of the writing (yellow lines).
Figure 3
The two model signatures with especially large letters circled in red, medium-sized letters circled in blue, and especially small letters circled in green.
Figure 4
Spacing between words: longer spaces between words in Signature 2 and negative spaces between words in Signature 1.
Figure 5
Spacing between letters: The boundaries between letters are indicated by circles. Within words, letters are widely spaced in Signature 1, but usually overlap in Signature 2. Different colors help to distinguish circles.
Figure 6
The Survey Instrument.
Table 1
p values for the differences in ranks assigned to the two sets of FDEs for each of the six elements.
| Element | Line Quality | Form | Size | Spacing | Arrangement | Slant | Total quality of freehand simulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mann-Whitney U | 4933.000 | 4709.500 | 4785.500 | 4720.500 | 4890.000 | 4487.500 | 4765.500 |
| Wilcoxon W | 9983.000 | 9759.500 | 9835.500 | 9770.500 | 9940.000 | 9537.500 | 9815.500 |
| Z | -.174 | -.755 | -.572 | -.733 | -.280 | -1.296 | -.575 |
| Asymptotic Significance (2-tailed) | .862 | .450 | .568 | .463 | .779 | .195 | .565 |
Table 2
Mann-Whitney U mean ranks and sums of ranks for FHE-element categories.
| FHE | N | Mean Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Line Quality | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 101.17 99.83 |
| Form | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 103.41 97.60 |
| size | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 102.65 98.36 |
| Spacing | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 103.30 97.71 |
| Arrangement | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 101.60 99.40 |
| Slant | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 105.63 95.38 |
| Total quality of freehand simulation | Arabic FHE Non-Arabic FHE Total | 100 100 200 | 102.85 98.16 |