Fig. 1

Fig. 2
![The geometry of the electrodes and an artery immersed in muscle and fat layers and covered by a skin layer. All dimensions in cm [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64721f3d215d2f6c89dbca43/j_jeb.4677_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251208%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251208T123359Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=6abbedb372af3064e06371776ba1e2a337730657f11bc624a88f6d6636b878ff&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8
![The dielectric properties of blood vs glucose levels within 0.5 – 20 GHz. A) the permittivity, and B) the conductivity. [17]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64721f3d215d2f6c89dbca43/j_jeb.4677_fig_008.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251208%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251208T123359Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=5a6c4f4fd41988db5df0fdda45e9c458a7d8bf742654d2c8f57f8b3e9cb77a4b&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig. 9

The dielectric properties of organs at 100 kHz [10,12,13]_ For blood as laminar flow: viscosity = 0_005 Pa∙s and density 1060 Kg/m3 [14]_
| Organ | Permittivity | Conductivity (S/m) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Skin | 1000 | 0.2 |
| 2 | Fat | 100 | 0.4 |
| 3 | Muscle | 10000 | 0.4 |
| 4 | Blood | 4000 | 0.7 |
| 5 | Copper | 1 | 5.998e7 |