Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 4
Computed tomography of septal thickening, septal enhancement, and multilocularity compared between nonmultilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and multilocular cystic RCC subtypes
| Findings/ types | Nonmultilocular | Multilocular cystic | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| cystic RCC | RCC | ||
| Septal thickening/enhancement | |||
| absence | 20 | 0 | |
| presence | 14 | 4 | 0.053 |
| Multilocularity | |||
| absence | 21 | 0 | |
| presence | 13 | 4 | 0.04 |
Demographic data
| Clinical data | Outcome |
|---|---|
| Number of cases | 38 lesions (35 patients) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 33 (87%) |
| Female | 5 (13%) |
| Male: female ratio | 6.6 |
| Age, mean (range) years | 58.84 years (23-87) |
| Type of surgery | |
| Radical nephrectomy | 27 (71%) |
| Tissue biopsy | 8 (21%) |
| Partial nephrectomy | 3 (8%) |
Stage at diagnosis and histopathologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
| Histopathology | Stage at diagnosis (%) | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Clear cell RCC | 10 | 3 | 9 | 3 | 25 |
| Papillary RCC | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| Multilocular cystic RCC | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Chromophobe RCC | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Mix subtype | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Total | 14 (37) | 3 (8) | 13 (34) | 8 (21) | 38 (100) |
Bosniak’s classification of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
| Subtype | III (% in subtype) | IV (% in subtype) |
|---|---|---|
| Clear cell RCC | 2 (8%) | 23 (92%) |
| Papillary RCC | 0 (0%) | 5 (100%) |
| Multilocular cystic RCC | 0 (0%) | 4 (100%) |
| Chromophobe RCC | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) |
| Mix type/other subtype | 0 (0%) | 3 (100%) |
Parenchymal, cystic, and solid tumor attenuation (Hounsfield Units) of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs)
| Findings types | Clear cell | Papillary | Multilocular | Chromophobe | Mix-type | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RCC | RCC | cystic RCC | RCC | RCC | ||
| Renal parenchymal attenuation (mean) | ||||||
| Precontrast | 33.6 | 36.0 | 34.0 | 26.3 | 33.3 | 0.51 |
| Cyst attenuation (mean) | ||||||
| Precontrast | 21.3 | 22.6 | 12.3 | 21.8 | 17.8 | 0.446 |
| Corticomedullary phase | 28.0 | 28.4 | 17.3 | 23.6 | 20.3 | 0.66 |
| Nephrogenic phase | 28.2 | 26.2 | 26.3 | 19.3 | 21.3 | 0.86 |
| Solid attenuation (mean) | ||||||
| Precontrast | 37.2 | 36.0 | 27.3 | 37.8 | 40.0 | 0.27 |
| Corticomedullary phase | 135.5 | 59.4 | 85.8 | 81.5 | 99.0 | 0.001 |
| Nephrogenic phase | 112.1 | 71.8 | 92.8 | 82.2 | 86.3 | 0.042 |
Computed tomography of septal thickening and enhancement; wall thickening and enhancement, nodular enhancement, multilocularity, and calcification of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs)
| Finding/ types | Clear cell | Papillary | Multilocular | Chromophobe | Mix-type | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RCC | RCC | cystic RCC | RCC | RCC | P | |
| Septal thickening | ||||||
| absence | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| presence | 7 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0.02 |
| Septal enhancement | ||||||
| absence | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| presence | 7 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0.02 |
| Wall thickening | ||||||
| absence | 12 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| presence | 13 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0.32 |
| Wall enhancement | ||||||
| absence | 12 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| presence | 13 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0.22 |
| Nodular enhancement | ||||||
| absence | 21 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | |
| presence | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.52 |
| Multilocularity | ||||||
| absence | 18 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| presence | 7 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0.02 |
| Calcification | ||||||
| absence | 15 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | |
| presence | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.49 |
Histopathologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
| Histopathologic subtype | Number (lesion) | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Clear cell RCC | 25 | 66% |
| Papillary RCC | 5 | 13% |
| Multilocular cystic RCC | 4 | 11% |
| Chromophobe RCC | 1 | 3% |
| Mixed type/other subtype = papillary/chromophobe = 1, clear cell/chromophobe = 1, sarcomatoid type = 1 | 3 | 8% |