References
- 1Boucher HW, Talbot GH, Bradley JS, Edwards JE, Gilbert D, Rice LB, et al. Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2009; 48:1-12.
BoucherHWTalbotGHBradleyJSEdwardsJEGilbertDRiceLBet alBad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaClin Infect Dis2009 48112
- 2Shorr AF. Review of studies of the impact on Gramnegative bacterial resistance on outcomes in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2009; 37:1463-9.
ShorrAFReview of studies of the impact on Gramnegative bacterial resistance on outcomes in the intensive care unitCrit Care Med2009 3714639
- 3Dalfino L, Puntillo F, Mosca A, Monna R, Spada ML, Coppolecchia S, et al. High-dose, extended-interval colistin administration in critically ill patients: is this the right dosing strategy? A preliminary study. Clin Infect Dis. 2012; 54:1720.
DalfinoLPuntilloFMoscaAMonnaRSpadaMLCoppolecchiaSet alHigh-dose, extended-interval colistin administration in critically ill patients: is this the right dosing strategy? A preliminary studyClin Infect Dis2012 541720
- 4Molton JS, Tambyah PA, Brenda S, Ang P, Moi LL, Dale AF. The global spread of healthcare-associated multidrug-resistant bacteria: a perspective from Asia. Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 56:1310-8.
MoltonJSTambyahPABrendaSAngPMoiLLDaleAFThe global spread of healthcare-associated multidrug-resistant bacteria: a perspective from AsiaClin Infect Dis2013 5613108
- 5Li J, Nation RL, Turnidge JD, Milne RW, Coulthard K, Rayner C, et al. Colistin: the re-emerging antibiotic for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006; 6:589-601.
LiJNationRLTurnidgeJDMilneRWCoulthardKRaynerCet alColistin: the re-emerging antibiotic for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infectionsLancet Infect Dis2006 6589601
- 6Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK. Colistin: the revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2005; 40:1333.
FalagasMEKasiakouSKColistin: the revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infectionsClin Infect Dis2005 401333
- 7Kumazawa J, Yagisawa M. The history of antibiotics: the Japanese story. J Infect Chemother. 2002; 8:125.
KumazawaJYagisawaMThe history of antibiotics: the Japanese storyJ Infect Chemother2002 8125
- 8Levin AS, Barone AA, Penco J, Santos MV, Arruda EA, Manrique EI, et al. Intravenous colistin as therapy for nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Clin Infect Dis. 1999; 28: 1008.
LevinASBaroneAAPencoJSantosMVArrudaEAManriqueEIet alIntravenous colistin as therapy for nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanniiClin Infect Dis1999 281008
- 9Garnacho-Montero J, Ortiz-Leyba C, Jim nez-Jim nez FJ, Barrero-Almod var AE, Garc a-Garmendia JL, Bernaneu-Wittell M, et al. Treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with intravenous colistin: a comparison with imipenem-susceptible VAP. Clin Infect Dis. 2003; 36:1111.
Garnacho-MonteroJOrtiz-LeybaCJim nez-Jim nezFJBarrero-Almodvar AEGarca-Garmendia JLBernaneu-WittellMet alTreatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with intravenous colistin: a comparison with imipenem-susceptible VAPClin Infect Dis2003 361111
- 10Markou N, Apostolakos H, Koumoudiou C, Athanasiou M, Koutsoukou A, Alamanos L, et al. Intravenous colistin in the treatment of sepsis from multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2003; 7:R78.
MarkouNApostolakosHKoumoudiouCAthanasiouMKoutsoukouAAlamanosLet alIntravenous colistin in the treatment of sepsis from multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli in critically ill patientsCrit Care2003 7R78
- 11Linden PK, Kusne S, Coley K, Fontes P, Kramer DJ, Paterson D. Use of parenteral colistin for the treatment of serious infection due to antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clin Infect Dis. 2003; 37: e154.
LindenPKKusneSColeyKFontesPKramerDJPatersonDUse of parenteral colistin for the treatment of serious infection due to antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosaClin Infect Dis2003 37e154
- 12Michalopoulos AS, Tsiodras S, Rellos K, Mentzelopoulos S, Falagas ME. Colistin treatment in patients with ICU-acquired infections caused by multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: the renaissance of an old antibiotic. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005; 11: 115.
MichalopoulosASTsiodrasSRellosKMentzelopoulosSFalagasMEColistin treatment in patients with ICU-acquired infections caused by multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: the renaissance of an old antibioticClin Microbiol Infect2005 11115
- 13Evans ME, Feola DJ, Rapp RP. Polymyxin B sulfate and colistin: old antibiotics for emerging multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. Ann Pharmacother. 1999; 33: 960.
EvansMEFeolaDJRappRPPolymyxin B sulfate and colistin: old antibiotics for emerging multiresistant gram-negative bacteriaAnn Pharmacother1999 33960
- 14Li J, Turnidge J, Milne R, Nation RL, Coulthard K. In vitro pharmacodynamic properties of colistin and colistinmethanesulfonate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001; 45:781.
LiJTurnidgeJMilneRNationRLCoulthardKIn vitro pharmacodynamic properties of colistin and colistinmethanesulfonate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosisAntimicrob Agents Chemother2001 45781
- 15Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Ghiselli R, Orlando F, Mocchegiani F, D’Amato G et al. Antiendotoxin activity of antimicrobial peptides and glycopeptides. J Chemother. 2003; 15:129.
GiacomettiACirioniOGhiselliROrlandoFMocchegianiFD’AmatoGet alAntiendotoxin activity of antimicrobial peptides and glycopeptidesJ Chemother2003 15129
- 16Warren HS, Kania SA, Siber GR. Binding and neutralization of bacterial lipopolysaccharide by colistin nonapeptide. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985; 28:107.
WarrenHSKaniaSASiberGRBinding and neutralization of bacterial lipopolysaccharide by colistin nonapeptideAntimicrob Agents Chemother1985 28107
- 17Pitt TL, Sparrow M, Warner M, Stefanidou M. Survey of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from UK patients with cystic fibrosis to six commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents. Thorax. 2003; 58: 794.
PittTLSparrowMWarnerMStefanidouMSurvey of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from UK patients with cystic fibrosis to six commonly prescribed antimicrobial agentsThorax2003 58794
- 18Vicari G, Bauer SR, Neuner EA, Lam SW. Association between colistin dose and microbiologic outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 56:398.
VicariGBauerNeunerEALamSWAssociation between colistin dose and microbiologic outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteremiaClin Infect Dis2013 56398
- 19Pena I, Picazoa JJ, Rodriguez-Avial C, Rodriguez-Avial I. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain: high percentage of colistin resistance among VIM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 isolates. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2014; 43:460-4.
PenaIPicazoaJJRodriguez-AvialCRodriguez-AvialICarbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain: high percentage of colistin resistance among VIM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 isolatesInt J Antimicrob Agents2014 434604
- 20Capone A, Giannella M, Fortini D, Giordano A, Meledandri M, Ballardini M, et al. High rate of colistin resistance among patients with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection accounts for an excess of mortality. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013; 19E23-30.
CaponeAGiannellaMFortiniDGiordanoAMeledandriMBallardiniMet alHigh rate of colistin resistance among patients with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection accounts for an excess of mortalityClin Microbiol Infect2013 19E2330
- 21Cai Y, Chai D, Wang R, Liang B, Bai N. Colistin resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: clinical reports, mechanisms and antimicrobial strategies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012; 67:1607-15.
CaiYChaiDWangRLiangBBaiNColistin resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: clinical reports, mechanisms and antimicrobial strategiesJ Antimicrob Chemother2012 67160715
- 22Chen S, Hu F, Zhang X, Xu X, Liu L, Zhu D, et al. Independent emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates without colistin treatment. J Clin Microbiol. 2011; 49:4022-3.
ChenSHuFZhangXXuXLiuLZhuDet alIndependent emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates without colistin treatmentJ Clin Microbiol2011 4940223
- 23Urban C, Tiruvury H, Mariano N, Colon-Urban R, Rahal JJ. Polymyxin-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011; 55:388-9.
UrbanCTiruvuryHMarianoNColon-UrbanRRahalJJPolymyxin-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coliAntimicrob Agents Chemother2011 553889
- 24Li J, Rayner CR, Nation RL, Owen RJ, Spelman D, Tan KE, et al. Hetero-resistance to colistin in multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006; 50:2946-50.
LiJRaynerCRNationRLOwenRJSpelmanDTanKEet alHetero-resistance to colistin in multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanniiAntimicrob Agents Chemother2006 50294650
- 25Arroyo LA, Garcia-Curiel A, Pachón-Ibañez ME, Llanos AC, Ruiz M, Pachón J, et al. Reliability of the E-test method for detection of colistin resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. J Clin Microbiol. 2005; 43:903-5.
ArroyoLAGarcia-CurielAPachón-IbañezMELlanosACRuizMPachónJet alReliability of the E-test method for detection of colistin resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumanniiJ Clin Microbiol2005 439035
- 26Ko KS, Suh JY, Kwon KT, Jung Si, Park KH, Chung DR, et al. High rates of resistance to colistin and polymyxin B in subgroups of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Korea. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007; 60:1163-7.
KoKSSuhJYKwonKTJungSiParkKHChungDRet alHigh rates of resistance to colistin and polymyxin B in subgroups of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from KoreaJ Antimicrob Chemother2007 6011637
- 27Antoniadou A, Kontopidou F, Poulakou G Koratzanis E, Galani I, Papadomichelakis E, et al. Colistin resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging in intensive care unit patients: first report of a multiclonal cluster. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007; 59: 786-90.
AntoniadouAKontopidouFPoulakouG Koratzanis EGalaniIPapadomichelakisEet alColistin resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging in intensive care unit patients: first report of a multiclonal clusterJ Antimicrob Chemother2007 5978690
- 28Poudyal A, Howden B, Bell J, Gao W, Owen RJ, Turnidge JD, et al. In vitro pharmacodynamics of colistin against multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008; 62: 1311-8.
PoudyalAHowdenBBellJGaoWOwenRJTurnidgeJDet alIn vitro pharmacodynamics of colistin against multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniaeJ Antimicrob Chemother2008 6213118
- 29Suh J-Y, Son JS, Chung DR, Peck KR, Ko KS, Song J-H. Nonclonal emergence of colistin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from blood samples in South Korea. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010; 54:560-2.
SuhJ-YSonJSChungDRPeckKRKoKSSongJ-HNonclonal emergence of colistin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from blood samples in South KoreaAntimicrob Agents Chemother2010 545602