Multivariate logistic regression model
| Variables | Levels | OR | 95% CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower limit | Upper limit | ||||
| Living area | Urban | Reference | |||
| Rural | –0.31 | 0.73 P < 0.05 | 0.51 | 0.95 | |
| Region | Quetta | Reference | |||
| Kalat | 0.17 | 1.19 | 0.89 | 1.49 | |
| Makran | 0.02 | 1.02 | 0.76 | 1.28 | |
| Naseerabad | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.84 | 1.36 | |
| Zohb | –0.38 | 0.68 P < 0.05 | 0.43 | 0.93 | |
| Sibi | –0.52 | 0.59 P < 0.01 | 0.34 | 0.84 | |
| Wealth Index Quintiles | Richest | ||||
| Poorest | –1.34 | 0.26 P < 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.51 | |
| Second | –1.11 | 0.33 P < 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.45 | |
| Middle | –0.88 | 0.42 P < 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.77 | |
| Fourth | –0.67 | 0.51 P < 0.01 | 0.16 | 0.85 | |
| Ever attended school | Yes | Reference | |||
| No | –1.13 | 0.32 P < 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.53 | |
| Education level | Higher | Reference | |||
| No education | –0.95 | 0.38 P < 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.67 | |
| Primary | –0.17 | 0.84 | 0.18 | 1.50 | |
| Age of woman | <25 | Reference | |||
| 25–34 | 0.41 | 1.51 P < 0.05 | 1.03 | 2.81 | |
| >34 | 0.39 | 1.48 P < 0.1 | 1.18 | 1.93 | |
| Age at first marriage | <25 | Reference | |||
| 25–34 | –0.06 | 0.94 | 0.17 | 1.64 | |
| >35 | –0.70 | 0.50 P < 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.88 | |
| Skilled source of ANC | Yes | Reference | |||
| No | –1.73 | 0.18 P < 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.31 | |
| Children ever born | 1–2 | Reference | |||
| 3–4 | –0.51 | 0.60 P < 0.01 | 0.28 | 0.92 | |
| >4 | –0.29 | 0.75 P < 0.1 | 0.51 | 0.99 | |
| Beating by husband | No | Reference | |||
| justified | Yes | –0.44 | 0.64 P < 0.01 | 0.39 | 0.89 |
Variables included (n = 2358) with the dependent variable ‘skilled attendants at birth’_ The bivariate analysis with count (percentage %) and odds ratio is presented_
| Variable | Levels | Total | Non skilled attendance | Skilled attendance | Bivariate odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1708 (74.3) | 591 (25.7) | ||||
| Living Area | Urban | 573 (24.9) | 317 (55.3) | 256 (44.7) | Reference |
| Rural | 1726 (75.1) | 1391 (80.6) | 335 (19.4) | 0.3 P < 0.01 | |
| Region | Quetta | 608 (26.5) | 411 (67.6) | 197 (32.4) | Reference |
| Kalat | 143 (6.2) | 88 (61.5) | 55 (38.5) | 1.3 | |
| Makran | 331 (14.4) | 247 (74.6) | 84 (25.4) | 0.71 P < 0.1 | |
| Naseerabad | 372 (16.2) | 281 (75.5) | 91 (24.5) | 0.68 P < 0.01 | |
| Zohb | 318 (13.8) | 245 (77.0) | 73 (23.0) | 0.62 P < 0.01 | |
| Sibi | 527 (22.9) | 436 (82.7) | 91 (17.3) | 0.44 P < 0.01 | |
| Wealth index quintiles | Richest | 438 (19.1) | 197 (45.0) | 241 (55.0) | Reference |
| Poorest | 428 (18.6) | 380 (88.8) | 48 (11.2) | 0.1 P < 0.01 | |
| Second | 509 (22.1) | 438 (86.1) | 71 (13.9) | 0.13 P < 0.01 | |
| Middle | 464 (20.2) | 369 (79.5) | 95 (20.5) | 0.21 P < 0.01 | |
| Fourth | 460 (20.0) | 324 (70.4) | 136 (29.6) | 0.34 P < 0.01 | |
| Ever attended school | Yes | 409 (17.8) | 210 (51.3) | 199 (48.7) | Reference |
| No | 1890 (82.2) | 1498 (79.3) | 392 (20.7) | 0.28 P < 0.01 | |
| Education | Higher | 191 (8.3) | 102 (53.4) | 89 (46.6) | Reference |
| No education | 1985 (86.3) | 1524 (76.8) | 461 (23.2) | 0.35 P < 0.01 | |
| Primary | 123 (5.4) | 82 (66.7) | 41 (33.3) | 0.57 P < 0.05 | |
| Age of woman | <24 | 493 (21.4) | 355 (72) | 138 (28) | Reference |
| (years) | 25–34 | 1226 (53.3) | 894 (72.9) | 332 (27.1) | 0.96 |
| >35 | 580 (25.2) | 459 (79.1) | 121 (20.9) | 0.68 P < 0.01 | |
| Age at first marriage | <25 | 2076 (90.3) | 1525 (73.5) | 551 (26.5) | Reference |
| (years) | 25–34 | 81 (3.5) | 62 (76.5) | 19 (23.5) | 0.85 |
| >34 | 142 (6.2) | 121 (85.2) | 21 (14.8) | 0.48 P < 0.01 | |
| Received antenatal care | Yes | 1088 (47.3) | 629 (57.8) | 459 (42.2) | Reference |
| No | 1211 (52.7) | 1079 (89.1) | 132 (10.9) | 0.17 P < 0.01 | |
| Skilled source of antenatal care | Yes | 894 (38.9) | 455 (50.9) | 439 (49.1) | Reference |
| No | 1405 (61.1) | 1253 (89.2) | 152 (10.8) | 0.13 P < 0.01 | |
| Times received antenatal care | ≤4 | 1947 (84.7) | 1501 (77.1) | 446 (22.9) | Reference |
| ≥5 | 352 (15.3) | 207 (58.8) | 145 (41.2) | 2.36 P < 0.01 | |
| Children ever born | 1–2 | 786 (34.2) | 525 (66.8) | 261 (33.2) | Reference |
| 3–4 | 632 (27.5) | 494 (78.2) | 138 (21.8) | 0.56 P < 0.01 | |
| >4 | 881 (38.3) | 689 (78.2) | 192 (21.8) | 0.56 P < 0.01 | |
| Number of children | 1–2 | 1682 (73.2) | 1262 (75) | 420 (25) | Reference |
| under 5 years old | 3–4 | 493 (21.4) | 363 (73.6) | 130 (26.4) | 1.08 |
| >5 | 124 (5.4) | 83 (66.9) | 41 (33.1) | 1.48 P < 0.05 | |
| Beating by husband justified | No | 1968 (85.6) | 1452 (73.8) | 516 (26.2) | Reference |
| Yes | 331 (14.4) | 256 (77.3) | 75 (22.7) | 0.82 | |