References
- 1. Holt G, Smith R, Duncan K, Hutchison JD, Reid D. Changes in population demographics and the future incidence of hip fracture. Injury 2009; 40:722-6.10.1016/j.injury.2008.11.004
- 2. Sterling RS. Gender and race/ethnicity differences in hip fracture incidence, morbidity, mortality, and function. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2011; 469:1913-8.10.1007/s11999-010-1736-3
- 3. Butler M, Forte M, Kane RL, Joglekar S, Duval SJ, Swiontkowski M, et al. Treatment of common hip fractures. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2009; 184:1-85.
- 4. Giannoudis PV, Kontakis G, Christoforakis Z, Akula M, Tosounidis T, Koutras C. Management, complications and clinical results of femoral head fractures. Injury 2009; 40:1245-51.10.1016/j.injury.2009.10.024
- 5. Lowe JA, Crist BD, Bhandari M, Ferguson TA. Optimal treatment of femoral neck fractures according to patient’s physiologic age: an evidence-based review. Orthop Clin North Am 2010; 41:157-66.10.1016/j.ocl.2010.01.001
- 6. Miyamoto RG, Kaplan KM, Levine BR, Egol KA, Zuckerman JD. Surgical management of hip fractures: an evidence-based review of the literature. I: femoral neck fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2008; 16: 596-607.10.5435/00124635-200810000-00005
- 7. Hopley C, Stengel D, Ekkernkamp A, Wich M. Primary total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for displaced intracapsular hip fractures in older patients: systematic review. BMJ 2010; 340:c2332.
- 8. Macaulay W, Pagnotto MR, Iorio R, Mont MA, Saleh KJ. Displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly: hemiarthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2006; 14:287-93.10.5435/00124635-200605000-00004
- 9. Macaulay W, Yoon RS, Parsley B, Nellans KW, Teeny SM; DFACTO Consortium. Displaced femoral neck fractures: is there a standard of care? Orthopedics 2007; 30:748-9.
- 10. Schmidt AH, Leighton R, Parvizi J, Sems A, Berry DJ. Optimal arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures: is total hip arthroplasty the answer? J Orthop Trauma 2009; 23:428-33.10.1097/BOT.0b013e3181761490
- 11. Goh SK, Samuel M, Su DH, Chan ES, Yeo SJ. Metaanalysis comparing total hip arthroplasty with hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of displaced neck of femur fracture. J Arthroplasty 2009; 24:400-6.10.1016/j.arth.2007.12.009
- 12. Soderman P, Malchau H. Is the Harris hip score system useful to study the outcome of total hip replacement? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001; 384:189-97.10.1097/00003086-200103000-00022
- 13. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Jenkinson C, Reynolds DJ, Gavaghan DJ, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 1996; 17:1-12.10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4
- 14. Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 1959; 22:719-48.
- 15. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 1986; 7:177-88.10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2
- 16. Cochran WG. The combination of estimates from different experiments. Biometrics 1954; 10:101-29.10.2307/3001666
- 17. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003; 327:557-60.10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557
- 18. Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997; 315:629-34.
- 19. Dorr LD, Glousman R, Hoy AL, Vanis R, Chandler R. Treatment of femoral neck fractures with total hip replacement versus cemented and noncemented hemiarthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 1986; 1:21-8.10.1016/S0883-5403(86)80006-7
- 20. Gebhard JS, Amstutz HC, Zinar DM, Dorey FJ. A comparison of total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty for treatment of acute fracture of the femoral neck. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1992; 282:123-31.
- 21. Eyssel M, Schwenk W, Badke A, Krebs S, Stock W. Total endoprosthesis or dual head prosthesis in endoprosthetic management of femoral neck fractures? Unfallchirurg 1994; 97:347-52.
- 22. Levi N. Early mortality after cervical hip fractures. Injury 1996; 27:565-7.10.1016/S0020-1383(96)00077-0
- 23. Squires B, Bannister G. Displaced intracapsular neck of femur fractures in mobile independent patients: total hip replacement or hemiarthroplasty? Injury 1999; 30:345-8.10.1016/S0020-1383(99)00097-2
- 24. Ravikumar KJ, Marsh G. Internal fixation versus hemiarthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty for displaced subcapital fractures of femur - 13 year results of a prospective randomised study. Injury 2000; 31:793-7.10.1016/S0020-1383(00)00125-X
- 25. Xu X, Liu Y, Liu J, Li Y. Prosthetic replacement in treatment of subcapital femoral neck fractures in the elderly. Chin J Traumatol 2002; 5:28-31.
- 26. Schleicher I, Kordelle J, J rgensen I, Haas H, Melzer C. Femoral neck fractures in the elderly - bipolar hemiarthroplasty in total hip replacement. Unfallchirurg 2003; 106:467-71.10.1007/s00113-003-0597-6
- 27. Healy WL, Iorio R. Total hip arthroplasty: optimal treatment for displaced femoral neck fractures in elderly patients. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004; 429:43-8.10.1097/01.blo.0000150273.13949.62
- 28. Wu L YS, He R, Dai X, Wang X. Comparison of results between total hip replacement arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in the elderly. Chin J Orthop Trauma 2004; 6:55-8.
- 29. Keating JF, Grant A, Masson M, Scott NW, Forbes JF. Randomized comparison of reduction and fixation, bipolar hemiarthroplasty, and total hip arthroplasty. Treatment of displaced intracapsular hip fractures in healthy older patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006; 88: 249-60.
- 30. Avery PP, Baker RP, Walton MJ, Rooker JC, Squires B, Gargan MF, et al. Total hip replacement and hemiarthroplasty in mobile, independent patients with a displaced intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck: a seven- to ten-year follow-up report of a prospective randomised controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2011; 93:1045-8.10.1302/0301-620X.93B8.27132
- 31. Narayan KK, George T. Functional outcome of fracture neck of femur treated with total hip replacement versus bipolar arthroplasty in a South Asian population. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2006; 126: 545-8.10.1007/s00402-006-0182-x
- 32. Hedbeck CJ, Enocson A, Lapidus G, Blomfeldt R, T rnkvist H, Ponzer S, et al. Comparison of bipolar hemiarthroplasty with total hip arthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures: a concise four-year follow-up of a randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011; 93:445-50.10.2106/JBJS.J.00474
- 33. Macaulay W, Nellans KW, Iorio R, Garvin KL, Healy WL, Rosenwasser MP, et al. Total hip arthroplasty is less painful at 12 months compared with hemiarthroplasty in treatment of displaced femoral neck fracture. HSS J 2008; 4:48-54.
- 34. Mouzopoulos G, Stamatakos M, Arabatzi H, Vasiliadis G, Batanis G, Tsembeli A, et al. The four-year functional result after a displaced subcapital hip fracture treated with three different surgical options. Int Orthop 2008; 32:367-73.10.1007/s00264-007-0321-1
- 35. Zhang DB, Wang TJ, Gu GS. Comparison of total hip replacement and bipolar artificial femoral head replacement for elderly panel with femoral neck fractures. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu yu Linchuang Kangfu(Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research) 2008; 12:1651-4.
- 36. Shi J LQ, Fu X, Ke Q, Huang J. Artificial femoral head replacement and total hip replacement in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. Journal of Fujian Medical University 2008; 42:444-7.
- 37. Deng R ZJ, Hong L, Cui H, Huang Z. Total hip replacement and femoral head replacement in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients. Chinese Medicine of Postgraduates 2009; 32:81-3.
- 38. Li J XB, Zhao H, Gao L, Yan D, Hu T, Zhu H, Yang J. Comparison of artificial total hip replacement and artificial femoral head replacement for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. Chin J Orthop Trauma 2009; 11:184-7.
- 39. van den Bekerom MP, Hilverdink EF, Sierevelt IN, Reuling EM, Schnater JM, Bonke H, et al. A comparison of hemiarthroplasty with total hip replacement for displaced intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck: a randomised controlled multicentre trial in patients aged 70 years and over. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2010; 92:1422-8.10.1302/0301-620X.92B10.24899
- 40. Cordero-Ampuero J, de Dios M. What are the risk factors for infection in hemiarthroplasties and total hip arthroplasties? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010; 468: 3268-77.10.1007/s11999-010-1411-8
- 41. Xu M, Zhang L, Mao Z, Wang H, Chen H, Guo Y, et al. Comparison of effectiveness of three operations in treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly patients. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2010; 24:1419.
- 42. Deng X LC, Cai K, Chou K. Artificial femoral head replacement and total hip replacement for femoral neck fractures in the elderly. China Prac Med 2010; 5: 104-5.
- 43. M L. Hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients. Chinese Journal of New Clinical Medicine 2010; 3:41-4.
- 44. Poignard A, Bouhou M, Pidet O, Flouzat-Lachaniette CH, Hernigou P. High dislocation cumulative risk in THA versus hemiarthroplasty for fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2011; 469:3148-53.10.1007/s11999-011-1987-7
- 45. Li X WE, Zhang H. Choices on the hip replacement for displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly. IMHGN 2011; 17:1715-9.
- 46. Zeng H GX, Lei M. Comparison of artificial total hip replacement and artificial femoral head replacement for elderly patients with acute femoral neck fractures. Shi Yong Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Lin Chuang 2011; 11: 29-30.
- 47. Zhang N LS, Li D, Yang C, Gong Y, Feng W, Liu J. Comparision of short term clinical outcome between total hip arthroplasty and bipolar arthroplasty in elderly patients with acute displaced femoral neck fractures. Orthopedic Journal of China 2011; 19: 268-71.
- 48. H P. Total hip arthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty for treatment of femoral neck fractures. China Prac Med 2011; 6:81-3.
- 49. Kang M GH, Wang X. Total hip arthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty for treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients. Journal of Aerospace Medicine 2011; 22:976-7.
- 50. Skinner P, Riley D, Ellery J, Beaumont A, Coumine R, Shafighian B. Displaced subcapital fractures of the femur: a prospective randomized comparison of internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty and total hip replacement. Injury 1989; 20:291-3.10.1016/0020-1383(89)90171-X
- 51. Keating JF, Grant A, Masson M, Scott NW, Forbes JF. Displaced intracapsular hip fractures in fit, older people: a randomised comparison of reduction and fixation, bipolar hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. Health Technol Assess 2005; 9:iii-iv, ix-x, 1-65.10.3310/hta9410
- 52. Baker RP, Squires B, Gargan MF, Bannister GC.. Total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty in mobile, independent patients with a displaced intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck. A randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006; 88:2583-9.
- 53. Blomfeldt R, T rnkvist H, Eriksson K, S_derqvist A, Ponzer S, Tidermark J. A randomised controlled trial comparing bipolar hemiarthroplasty with total hip replacement for displaced intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck in elderly patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89:160-5.10.1302/0301-620X.89B2.18576
- 54. Macaulay W, Nellans KW, Garvin KL, Iorio R, Healy WL, Rosenwasser MP, et al. Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing hemiarthroplasty to total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures: winner of the Dorr Award. J Arthroplasty 2008; 23:2-8.10.1016/j.arth.2008.05.013
- 55. Dzupa V, Barton_cek J, Sk_la-Rosenbaum J, Pr_kazsk_ V. Mortality in patients with proximal femoral fractures during the first year after the injury. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 2002; 69:39-44.
- 56. Hussain A PK. Mortality among elderly patients with fracture of the hip. JK Pract 2003; 10:4-9.
- 57. Giannini S, Chiarello E, Cadossi M, Luciani D, Tedesco G. Prosthetic surgery in fragility osteopathy. Aging Clin Exp Res 2011; 23:40-2.
- 58. Cipriani A BC. What is an individual patient data meta-analysis? Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc 2007; 16:203-4.
- 59. Ahn J, Man LX, Park S, Sodl JF, Esterhai JL. Systematic review of cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty outcomes for femoral neck fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2008; 466:2513-2518.10.1007/s11999-008-0368-3
- 60. Holt G, Hook S, Hubble M. Revision total hip arthroplasty: the femoral side using cemented implants. Int Orthop 2011; 35:267-73.10.1007/s00264-010-1167-5
- 61. Enocson A, Hedbeck CJ, T_rnkvist H, Tidermark J, Lapidus LJ. Unipolar versus bipolar Exeter hip hemiarthroplasty: a prospective cohort study on 830 consecutive hips in patients with femoral neck fractures. Int Orthop 2011; 36:711-7.