Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Validation of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of the Functional Impact of Essential Tremor on Activities of Daily Living Cover

Validation of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of the Functional Impact of Essential Tremor on Activities of Daily Living

Open Access
|May 2024

Figures & Tables

Table 1

The 14 items of TETRAS PRO.

Instructions: For each question, circle or mark the answer that best describes your typical condition during the past week. A family member or friend can circle your answers if you cannot do this yourself. However, we want you to answer each question without discussing the answers with other people.
1. Is your voice shaky or tremulous?
2. Does your head shake?
3. Does tremor affect your ability to eat soup or other liquids with a regular soup spoon?
4. Does tremor affect your ability to drink liquids from a regular 8-ounce (250 ml) glass or cup?
5. Does tremor interfere with your hygiene or personal care (bathing, shaving, brushing teeth, using makeup)?
6. Does tremor interfere with your ability to dress yourself? This includes putting on jewelry, tying shoelaces, zipping zippers, and managing small buttons.
7. Does tremor affect your ability to pour liquids from a carton, bottle or pitcher?
8. Does tremor affect your ability to pass food or drink to someone at your dinner table?
9. Does tremor limit your ability to use a keypad on a phone, lock or computer?
10. Does tremor affect your ability to write?
11. Does tremor affect your job performance? This would include being a homemaker. If you are retired, consider how your current tremor would have affected your previous job.
12. Do you notice tremor in your legs?
13. Think about how tremor affects your daily activities. In the space below, please write the activity that is most important to you. Activity _______________________________. How much does your tremor interfere with this activity?
14. Has tremor affected your social activities?
tohm-14-1-886-g1.png
Figure 1

Linear regression of TETRAS PRO with TETRAS ADL, TETRAS Performance, and QUEST. A linear regression of TETRAS ADL vs TETRAS Performance is shown for comparison. The 95% confidence limits (maroon) and 95% prediction limits (orange) are shown. The maximum possible scores of TETRAS PRO, TETRAS ADL, AND TETRAS Performance are 56, 48, and 64.

Table 2

Statistical relationship of TETRAS PRO with HADS-D, ECQ-ISE and TETRAS Performance.

LEAST SQUARES MULTIPLE REGRESSION
Sample size67
Coefficient of determination R20.6715
R2-adjusted0.6559
Multiple correlation coefficient0.8195
Residual standard deviation5.4008
REGRESSION EQUATION
Predictor variablesCoefficientStd. ErrortPrpartialrsemipartialVIF
(Constant)–3.6996
TETRAS-P0.82670.098298.411<0.00010.72730.60731.030
HADS-D1.13610.21345.324<0.00010.55710.38441.045
ECQ-ISE0.84360.34582.4390.01750.29380.17611.068
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SourceDFSum of SquaresMean Square
Regression33756.85441252.2848
Residual631837.653129.1691
F-ratio42.9319
Significance levelP < 0.0001
RESIDUALS
Shapiro-Wilk test for Normal distributionW = 0.9874 accept Normality (P = 0.7367)

[i] TETRAS PRO = β0 + β1·TETRAS-P + β2·HADS-D + β3·ECQ-ISE.

Table 3

Statistical relationship of TETRAS ADL with HADS-D, ECQ-ISE and TETRAS Performance.

LEAST SQUARES MULTIPLE REGRESSION
MethodEnter
Sample size67
Coefficient of determination R20.6263
R2-adjusted0.6085
Multiple correlation coefficient0.7914
Residual standard deviation4.4741
REGRESSION EQUATION
Independent variablesCoefficientStd. ErrortPrpartialrsemipartialVIF
(Constant)3.9741
TETRAS-P0.70090.081428.608<0.00010.73520.66301.030
HADS-D0.63800.17683.6090.00060.41400.27801.045
ECQ-ISE0.48000.28651.6760.09880.20660.12911.068
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
SourceDFSum of SquaresMean Square
Regression32113.3264704.4421
Residual631261.091520.0173
F-ratio35.1916
Significance levelP < 0.0001
RESIDUALS
Shapiro-Wilk test for Normal distributionW = 0.9912 accept Normality (P = 0.9198)

[i] TETRAS ADL = β0 + β1·TETRAS-P + β2·HADS-D + β3·ECQ-ISE.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/tohm.886 | Journal eISSN: 2160-8288
Language: English
Submitted on: Apr 6, 2024
Accepted on: Apr 30, 2024
Published on: May 14, 2024
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2024 Ludy C. Shih, Michael T. Stevenson, Steven Bellows, Alfonso Fasano, Sheng-Han Kuo, Kelly E. Lyons, Henry Moore, Holly A. Shill, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Carlos Singer, Rodger J. Elble, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.