Table 1
Comparison of participant’s characteristics.
| NOVO-PD | PD | ET | Controls | P VALUE | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=19 | ON-STATE N=35 | OFF-STATE N=33 | N=19 | N=35 | ||
| Males (%) | 13 (68) | 24 (69) | 22 (67) | 12 (63) | 11 (31) | 0.01 |
| Age (years)* | 66.9 (8.8) | 64.5 (9.1) | 64.1 (9.0) | 70.8 (6.7) | 61.4 (7.3) | 0.002 |
| Disease duration (years) | 1 (0.6; 3) | 10 (2; 25) | 10 (2; 25) | 7 (1; 29) | - | - |
| UPDRS-III score | 20 (8; 41) | 24 (5; 49) | 35 (12; 70) | - | - | 0.01 |
| NMSS total score | 42 (24; 86) | 69 (12; 119) | 69 (12; 119) | - | - | 0.08 |
| PDCRS total score | 74 (58; 112) | 80 (43; 109) | 69 (12; 119) | - | - | 0.91 |
[i] Values are expressed in medians (interquartile range) otherwise specified *= mean (Standard deviation). Parkinson’s disease (PD) (total sample = 35) measured in the ON state (ON-PD) (n = 35) and OFF state (OFF-PF), (n = 33); ET = Essential Tremor; UPDRS = Unified Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale; NMSS = Non motor symptoms severity score: PDCRS = Parkinson’s disease cognitive rating scale. Data was compared using the ANOVA test (several groups) and the Mann-Whitney U test (2 groups).
Figure 1
A) Scatterplot for the plasma α-synuclein quantitation (ng/ml) for each group. B) Box-and-Whisker plot for plasma α-synuclein levels in each group. The median is represented by the vertical line, and a plus sign indicates the mean value. The notch indicates the 95% confidence intervals for the medians. Outside points are also represented. NOVO = de novo-PD; OFF = Parkinson’s disease (OFF state); ON = Parkinson’s disease (ON state); ET = Essential Tremor.
Table 2
Plasma α-synuclein quantitation (ng/ml) stratified by age and gender.
| GROUPS | α-SYNUCLEIN (NG/ML) MEAN ± SD | α-SYNUCLEIN (NG/ML) MEAN ± SD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEN (N) | WOMEN (N) | p-VALUE | < 66 YEARS OLD (N) | > 66 YEARS OLD (N) | p-VALUE | |
| CONTROL (1) | 158.40 ±102.95 (11) | 177.12 ±86.53 (24) | 0.57 | 174.81 ±94.85 (25) | 162.32 ±84.18 (10) | 0.719 |
| ON-PD (2) | 112.30 ±56.63 (23) | 111.08 ±40.45 (10) | 0.95 | 125.76 ±56.77 (17) | 97.24 ±42.45 (16) | 0.114 |
| OFF-PD (3) | 128.64 ±46.37 (21) | 127.26 ±29.16 (10) | 0.92 | 137.40 ±43.43 (16) | 118.37 ±37.40 (15) | 0.203 |
| NOVO-PD (4) | 91.92 ±35.28 (13) | 131.25 ±50.01 (6) | 0.06 | 90.21 ±26.38 (7) | 112.58 ±49.91 (12) | 0.219 |
| ET (5) | 79.74 ±32.11 (12) | 143.73 ±71.89 (6) | 0.08 | 54.33 ±1.95 (2) | 106.92 ±56.94 (16) | |
| (1)(5)/ (3)(4)/ (3)(5) | (1)(2)/ (1)(3) | <0.05* | (1)(2)/ (1)(4)/ (3)(4) | n.s | <0.05* | |
[i] SD = Standard deviation. Age was stratified based on the median distribution of the total sample.*Pairwise group comparisons. n.s. = not significant.
Table 3
Clinical variables associated with Plasma α-synuclein levels.
| N =136 REFERENCE GROUP = CONTROL | B COEF. | IC95% | p-VALUE |
|---|---|---|---|
| ON-PD | –47.83 | (–79.33, –16.33) | 0.003 |
| OFF-PD | –32.02 | (–63.83, –0.20) | 0.049 |
| NOVO-PD | –53.50 | (–90.57, –16.42) | 0.005 |
| ET | –53.28 | (–92.84, –13.71) | 0.009 |
| Gender (Men) | –22.15 | (–45.33, 1.03) | 0.06 |
| Age (>=66) | –15.06 | (–38.26, 8.15) | 0.20 |
| Cons | 182.50 | (159.17, 205.83) | <0.001 |
[i] Adjusted R2: 15,1%.