References
- 1Caviness JN, Gabellini A, Kneebone C, Thompson P, Lees A, Marsden C. Unusual focal dyskinesias: the ears, the shoulders, the back, and the abdomen. Movement disorders: official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. 1994; 9(5): 531–8. DOI: 10.1002/mds.870090505
- 2Chaudhuri KR, Leigh P, Gibb W, Pye I. The moving ear syndrome: a focal dyskinesia. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 1996; 60(1): 106. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.60.1.106
- 3Alonso-Navarro H, Puertas I, Cabrera-Valdivia F, De Toledo-Heras M, García-Albea E, Jiménez-Jiménez F. Posterior auricular muscle ‘dystonia’. European journal of neurology. 2007; 14(7): e14–e5. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01821.x
- 4Kirk A, Heilman KM. Auricular myoclonus. Canadian journal of neurological sciences. 1991; 18(4): 503–4. DOI: 10.1017/S0317167100032236
- 5Carluer L, Schupp C, Defer G. Ear dyskinesia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2006; 77(6): 802–3. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.058511
- 6Ponglikitmongkol K, Boongird A, Termsarasab P. Bilateral asymmetric auricular myoclonus as a manifestation of focal motor seizure: Phenomenology, potential lateralizing value, and insights into auricular motor control. Journal of the neurological sciences. 2020; 413. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116762
- 7Godeiro-Junior C, Felicio AC, Felix EPV, Manzano GM, de Azevedo Silva SM, Borges V, et al. Moving ear syndrome: the role of botulinum toxin. Movement disorders. 2008; 23(1): 122–4. DOI: 10.1002/mds.21773
- 8Kupsch A, Benecke R, Müller J, Trottenberg T, Schneider G-H, Poewe W, et al. Pallidal deep-brain stimulation in primary generalized or segmental dystonia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2006; 355(19): 1978–90. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa063618
- 9Horisawa S, Ochiai T, Goto S, Nakajima T, Takeda N, Kawamata T, et al. Long-term outcome of pallidal stimulation for Meige syndrome. Journal of neurosurgery. 2018; 130(1): 84–9. DOI: 10.3171/2017.7.JNS17323
- 10Ostrem JL, Marks WJ
Jr , Volz MM, Heath SL, Starr PA. Pallidal deep brain stimulation in patients with cranial–cervical dystonia (Meige syndrome). Movement disorders. 2007; 22(13): 1885–91. DOI: 10.1002/mds.21580 - 11Peuker ET, Filler TJ. The nerve supply of the human auricle. Clinical Anatomy. 2002; 15(1): 35–7. DOI: 10.1002/ca.1089
- 12Vitek JL, Zhang J, Evatt M, Mewes K, DeLong MR. GPi pallidotomy for dystonia: clinical outcome and neuronal activity. Advances in neurology. 1998; 78: 211–9.
- 13Lozano AM, Kumar R, Gross R, Giladi N, Hutchison W, Dostrovsky J, et al. Globus pallidus internus pallidotomy for generalized dystonia. Movement disorders. 1997; 12(6): 865–70. DOI: 10.1002/mds.870120606
- 14Horisawa S, Fukui A, Tanaka Y, Wendong L, Yamahata H, Kawamata T, et al. Pallidothalamic Tractotomy (Forel’s Field H1-tomy) for Dystonia: Preliminary Results. World neurosurgery. 2019; 129: e851–e6. DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.055
- 15Horisawa S, Kawamata T, Taira T. Unilateral pallidotomy for blepharospasm refractory to botulinum toxin injections. European journal of neurology. 2017; 24(7): e39–e40. DOI: 10.1111/ene.13317
- 16Horisawa S, Fukui A, Kohara K, Kawamata T, Taira T. Unilateral pallidotomy in the treatment of cervical dystonia: a retrospective observational study. Journal of neurosurgery. 2019: 1–7. DOI: 10.3171/2019.9.JNS191202
- 17Valalik I, Jobbagy A, Bognar L, Csokay A. Effectiveness of unilateral pallidotomy for meige syndrome confirmed by motion analysis. Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery. 2011; 89(3): 157–61. DOI: 10.1159/000323341
- 18Torres CV, Moro E, Dostrovsky JO, Hutchison WD, Poon YY, Hodaie M. Unilateral pallidal deep brain stimulation in a patient with cervical dystonia and tremor. Journal of neurosurgery. 2010; 113(6): 1230–3. DOI: 10.3171/2010.4.JNS091722
- 19Escamilla-Sevilla F, Mínguez-Castellanos A, Arjona-Morón V, Martín-Linares JM, Sánchez-Álvarez JC, Ortega-Morenoa A, et al. Unilateral pallidal stimulation for segmental cervical and truncal dystonia: which side? Movement disorders: official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. 2002; 17(6): 1383–5. DOI: 10.1002/mds.10285
- 20Gallay MN, Moser D, Rossi F, Magara AE, Strasser M, Buhler R, et al. MRgFUS Pallidothalamic Tractotomy for Chronic Therapy-Resistant Parkinson’s Disease in 51 Consecutive Patients: Single Center Experience. Frontiers in surgery. 2019; 6: 76. DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2019.00076
- 21Liugan M, Zhang M, Cakmak YO. Neuroprosthetics for auricular muscles: neural networks and clinical aspects. Frontiers in neurology. 2018; 8: 752. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00752
