References
- 1LouisED, OttmanR How many people in the USA have essential tremor? Deriving a population estimate based on epidemiological data. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (NY) 2014;4:259.
- 2KollerWC, GlattS, BiaryN, RubinoFA Essential tremor variants: effect of treatment. Clin Neuropharmacol 1987;10(4):342–350. doi: 10.1097/00002826-198708000-000043503677
- 3StolzeH, PetersenG, RaethjenJ, WenzelburgerR, DeuschlG The gait disorder of advanced essential tremor. Brain 2001;124(11):2278–2286. doi: 10.1093/brain/124.11.227811673328
- 4RoemmichRT, ZeilmanPR, VaillancourtDE, OkunMS, HassCJ Gait variability magnitude but not structure is altered in essential tremor. J Biomech 2013;46(15):2682–2687. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.07.03924011360
- 5RaoAK, GilmanA, LouisED Balance confidence and falls in nondemented essential tremor patients: the role of cognition. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014;95(10):1832–1837. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.04.00124769121
- 6FoisAF, BriceñoHM, FungVSC Nonmotor symptoms in essential tremor and other tremor disorders. Int Rev Neurobiol 2017;134:1373–1396. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.01028805576
- 7HoskovcováM, UlmanováO, SprdlíkO, et al. Disorders of balance and gait in essential tremor are associated with midline tremor and age. Cerebellum 2013;12(1):27–34. doi: 10.1007/s12311-012-0384-422535593
- 8LouisED, RaoAK, GerbinM Functional correlates of gait and balance difficulty in essential tremor: balance confidence, near misses and falls. Gait Posture 2012;35(1):43–47. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.08.00221930384
- 9LouisED, RiosE, RaoAK Tandem gait performance in essential tremor: clinical correlates and association with midline tremors. Mov Disord 2010;25(11):1633–1638. doi: 10.1002/mds.2314420629168
- 10BenabidAL, PollakP, GervasonC, et al. Long-term suppression of tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus. Lancet 1991;337(8738):403–406. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)91175-T1671433
- 11ObwegeserAA, UittiRJ, WitteRJ, LucasJA, TurkMF, WharenRE Quantitative and qualitative outcome measures after thalamic deep brain stimulation to treat disabling tremors. Neurosurgery 2001;48(2):274–281. doi: 10.1227/00006123-200102000-0000411220369
- 12PutzkeJD, UittiRJ, ObwegeserAA, WszolekZK, WharenRE Bilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation: midline tremor control. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005;76(5):684–690. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.04143415834027
- 13MitchellKT, LarsonP, StarrPA, et al. Benefits and risks of unilateral and bilateral ventral intermediate nucleus deep brain stimulation for axial essential tremor symptoms. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019;60:126–132. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.09.00430220556
- 14BhatiaKP, BainP, BajajN, et al. Consensus statement on the classification of tremors. From the task force on tremor of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. Mov Disord 2018;33(1):75–87. doi: 10.1002/mds.2712129193359
- 15RoemmichR, RoperJA, EisingerRS, et al. Gait worsening and the microlesion effect following deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2019;90(8):913–919. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2018-319723
- 16StacyMA, ElbleRJ, OndoWG, et al. Assessment of interrater and intrarater reliability of the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale in essential tremor. Mov Disord 2007;22(6):833–838. doi: 10.1002/mds.2141217343274
- 17WhittleMW Gait analysis: an introduction. Halley Court, Jordan Hill, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd; 1991.
- 18LouisED, VonsattelJP, HonigLS, et al. Essential tremor associated with pathologic changes in the cerebellum. Arch Neurol 2006;63(8):1189–1193. doi: 10.1001/archneur.63.8.118916908751
- 19LouisED, FaustPL, VonsattelJP Purkinje cell loss is a characteristic of essential tremor. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2011;17(6):406–409. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.05.00421600832
- 20LouisED, FaustPL, VonsattelJP Purkinje cell loss is a characteristic of essential tremor: towards a more mature understanding of pathogenesis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012;18(8):1003–1004. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.06.01722795481
- 21LinCY, LouisED, FaustPL, KoeppenAH, VonsattelJP, KuoSH Abnormal climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synaptic connections in the essential tremor cerebellum. Brain 2014;137(12):3149–3159. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu28125273997
- 22LouisED, LeeM, BabijR, et al. Reduced Purkinje cell dendritic arborization and loss of dendritic spines in essential tremor. Brain 2014;137(12):3142–3148. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu31425367027
- 23LouisED, FaustPL Purkinje cell loss in essential tremor. Mov Disord. 2014;29(10):1329–1330. doi: 10.1002/mds.25965
- 24LouisED, RabinowitzD, ChoeM, et al. Mapping Purkinje cell placement along the Purkinje cell layer: an analysis of postmortem tissue from essential tremor patients vs. controls. Cerebellum 2016;15(6):726–731. doi: 10.1007/s12311-015-0742-026563297
- 25ChoeM, CortésE, VonsattelJP, KuoSH, FaustPL, LouisED Purkinje cell loss in essential tremor: random sampling quantification and nearest neighbor analysis. Mov Disord 2016;31(3):393–401. doi: 10.1002/mds.2649026861543
- 26SingerC, Sanchez-RamosJ, WeinerWJ Gait abnormality in essential tremor. Mov Disord 1994;9(2):193–196. doi: 10.1002/mds.8700902128196682
- 27KlebeS, StolzeH, GrensingK, VolkmannJ, WenzelburgerR, DeuschlG Influence of alcohol on gait in patients with essential tremor. Neurology 2005;65(1):96–101. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000167550.97413.1f16009892
- 28RaoAK, GillmanA, LouisED Quantitative gait analysis in essential tremor reveals impairments that are maintained into advanced age. Gait Posture 2011;34(1):65–70. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.01321478017
- 29FernandezKM, RoemmichRT, StegemöllerEL, et al. Gait initiation impairments in both essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. Gait Posture 2013;38(4):956–961. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.05.00123726428
- 30MoscovichM, MorishitaT, FooteKD, FavillaCG, ChenZP, OkunMS Effect of lead trajectory on the response of essential head tremor to deep brain stimulation. Parkinsonism RelatDisord 2013;19(9):789–794. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.03.015
- 31EarhartGM, ClarkBR, TabbalSD, PerlmutterJS Gait and balance in essential tremor: variable effects of bilateral thalamic stimulation. Mov Disord 2009;24(3):386–391. doi: 10.1002/mds.2235619006189
- 32FasanoA, HerzogJ, RaethjenJ, et al. Gait ataxia in essential tremor is differentially modulated by thalamic stimulation. Brain 2010;133(12):3635–3648. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq26720926368
- 33FasanoA, HerzogJ, RaethjenJ, et al. Lower limb joints kinematics in essential tremor and the effect of thalamic stimulation. Gait Posture 2012;36(2):187–193. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.02.01322555066
- 34HwynnN, HassCJ, ZeilmanP, et al. Steady or not following thalamic deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. J Neurol 2011;258(9):1643–1648. doi: 10.1007/s00415-011-5986-021442464
- 35ReichMM, BrumbergJ, PozziNG, et al. Progressive gait ataxia following deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: adverse effect or lack of efficacy? Brain 2016;139(11):2948–2956. doi: 10.1093/brain/aww22327658421
