Table 1
Number of Papers Available in PubMed for the Main Movement Disorders
| Disorder(Search Term)1 | Number of Citations in PubMed (up to December 31, 2015) |
|---|---|
| “Parkinson’s disease” | 59,140 |
| “Essential tremor” | 2,930 |
| “Dystonia” | 12,978 |
| “Myoclonus” | 8,969 |
| “Chorea” | 6,742 |
| “Tic” | 5,952 |
| “Tics” | 3,502 |
Table 2
Summary of Top 100 articles for Essential Tremor (Ranked in Order of Citations)
| Absolute Number | Rank | Citations | Paper | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 846 | Benabid AL, Pollak P, Gervason C, et al. Long-term suppression of tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus. Lancet 1991;337:403–406 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 2 | 2 | 809 | Deuschl G, Bain P, Brin M. Consensus statement of the Movement Disorder Society on tremor. Mov Disord 1998;13 Supplement:2–23 | Clinical: Classification |
| 3 | 3 | 652 | Benabid AL, Pollak P, Gao DM, et al. Chronic electrical stimulation of the ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus as a treatment of movement disorders. J Neurosurg 1996;84:203–214 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 4 | 4 | 484 | Schuurman PR, Bosch DA, Bossuyt PMM, et al. A comparison of continuous thalamic stimulation and thalamotomy for suppression of severe tremor. N Engl J Med 2000;342:461–468 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 5 | 5 | 294 | Koller W, Pahwa R, Busenbark K, et al. High-frequency unilateral thalamic stimulation in the treatment of essential and Parkinsonian tremor. Ann Neurol 1997;42:292–299 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 6 | 6 | 291 | Limousin P, Speelman JD, Gielen F, et al. Multicentre European study of thalamic stimulation in parkinsonian and essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66:289–296 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 7 | 7a | 220 | Louis ED, Ottman R, Hauser WA. How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Estimates of the prevalence of essential tremor throughout the world. Mov Disord 1998;13:5–10 | Review |
| 8 | 7b | 220 | Critchley M. Observations on essential (heredo-familial) tremor. Brain 1949;72:113–139 | Review |
| 9 | 8 | 215 | Benabid AL, Benazzouz A, Hoffmann D, et al. Long-term electrical inhibition of deep brain targets in movement disorders. Mov Disord 1998;13 Supplement:119–125 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 10 | 9 | 214 | Bain PG, Findley LJ, Thompson PD, et al. A study of hereditary essential tremor. Brain 1994;117:805–824 | Review |
| 11 | 10 | 212 | Blond S, Caparros-Lefebvre D, Parker F, et al. Control of tremor and involuntary movement-disorders by chronic stereotaxic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus. J Neurosurg 1992;77: 62–68 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 12 | 11 | 212 | Lou JS, Jankovic J. Essential tremor: clinical correlates in 350 patients. Neurology 1991;41:234–238 | Clinical: Classification |
| 13 | 12 | 210 | Louis ED, Faust PL, Vonsattel JP, et al. Neuropathological changes in essential tremor: 33 cases compared with 21 controls. Brain 2007;130:3297–3307 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 14 | 13 | 198 | Deuschl G, Raethjen J, Lindemann M, et al. The pathophysiology of tremor. Muscle Nerve 2001;24:716–735 | Review |
| 15 | 15 | 177 | Jenkins IH, Bain PG, Colebatch JG, et al. A positron emission tomography study of essential tremor: evidence for overactivity of cerebellar connections. Ann Neurol 1993;34:82–90 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 16 | 15 | 174 | Bain PG, Findley LJ, Atchison P, et al. Assessing tremor severity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1993;56:868–873 | Clinical: Classification |
| 17 | 16 | 172 | Brooks DJ, Playford ED, Ibanez V, et al. Isolated tremor and disruption of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system: an 18F-dopa PET study. Neurology 1992;42:1554–1560 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 18 | 17 | 169 | Jankovic J, Cardoso F, Grossman RG, et al. Outcome after stereotaxic thalamotomy for parkinsonian, essential, and other types of tremor. Neurosurgery 1995;37:680–686 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 19 | 18 | 167 | Rajput AH, Offord KP, Beard CM, et al. Essential tremor in Rochester, Minnesota: a 45-year study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984;47:466–470 | Epidemiology |
| 20 | 19 | 166 | Tasker RR. Deep brain stimulation is preferable to thalamotomy for tremor suppression. Surg Neurol 1998;49:145–153 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 21 | 20 | 164 | Benito-León J, Bermejo-Pareja F, Morales JM, et al. Prevalence of essential tremor in three elderly populations of central Spain. Mov Disord 2003;18:389–394 | Epidemiology |
| 22 | 21a | 158 | Deuschl G, Wenzelburger R, Loffler K, et al. Essential tremor and cerebellar dysfunction: clinical and kinematic analysis of intention tremor. Brain 2000;123:1568–1580 | Review |
| 23 | 21b | 158 | Louis ED. Essential tremor. Lancet Neurol 2005;4:100–110 | Review |
| 24 | 22 | 154 | Gulcher JR, Jonsson P, Kong A, et al. Mapping of a familial essential tremor gene, FET1, to chromosome 3q13. Nat Genet 1997;17:84–87 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 25 | 23 | 149 | Koller WC, Busenbark K, Miner K, et al. The relationship of essential tremor to other movement-disorders: report on 678 patients. Ann Neurol 1994;35:717–723 | Epidemiology |
| 26 | 24 | 142 | Louis ED, Ferreira JJ. How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Update on the worldwide prevalence of essential tremor. Mov Disord 2010;25:534–541 | Review |
| 27 | 25 | 138 | Elble RJ. Physiological and essential tremor. Neurology 1986;36:225–231 | Clinical: Classification |
| 28 | 26 | 131 | Ondo W, Jankovic J, Schwartz K, et al. Unilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation for refractory essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease tremor. Neurology 1998;51:1063–1069 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 29 | 27a | 128 | Geraghty JJ, Jankovic J, Zetusky WJ. Association between essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 1985;17:329–333 | Epidemiology |
| 30 | 27b | 128 | Winkler GF, Young RR. Efficacy of chronic propranolol therapy in action tremors of familial, senile or essential varieties. New Engl J Med 1974;290:984–988 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 31 | 28a | 127 | Higgins JJ, Pho LT, Nee LE. A gene (ETM) for essential tremor maps to chromosome 2p22–p25. Mov Disord 1997;12:859–864 | Review |
| 32 | 28b | 127 | Koller WC, Lyons KE, Wilkinson SB, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of unilateral deep brain stimulation of the thalamus in essential tremor. Mov Disord 2001;16:464–468 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 33 | 29 | 126 | Colebatch JG, Findley LJ, Frackowiak RSJ, et al. Preliminary-report: activation of the cerebellum in essential tremor. Lancet 1990;336:1028–1030 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 34 | 30a | 125 | Rehncrona S, Johnels B, Widner H, et al. Long-term efficacy of thalamic deep brain stimulation for tremor: Double-blind assessments. Mov Disord 2003;18:163–170 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 35 | 30b | 125 | Wills AJ, Jenkins IH, Thompson PD, et al. Red nuclear and cerebellar but no olivary activation-associated with essential tremor: a positron emission tomographic study. Ann Neurol 1994;36:636–642 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 36 | 31 | 123 | Zesiewicz TA, Elble R, Louis ED, et al. Practice parameter: Therapies for essential tremor – Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2005;64:2008–2020 | Clinical: Classification |
| 37 | 32a | 121 | Bucher SF, Seelos KC, Dodel RC, et al. Activation mapping in essential tremor with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol 1997;41:32–40 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 38 | 32b | 121 | Stolze H, Petersen G, Raethjen J, et al. The gait disorder of advanced essential tremor. Brain 2001;124:2278–2286 | Clinical: Classification |
| 39 | 33a | 118 | Benito-León J, Louis ED. Essential tremor: emerging views of a common disorder. Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2006;2:666–678 | Review |
| 40 | 33b | 118 | Dogu O, Sevim S, Camdeviren H, et al. Prevalence of essential tremor – Door-to-door neurologic exams in Mersin Province, Turkey. Neurology 2003;61:1804–1806 | Epidemiology |
| 41 | 34a | 116 | Benamer HTS, Patterson J, Grosset DG, et al. Accurate differentiation of Parkinsonism and essential tremor using visual assessment of [I-123]-FP-CIT SPECT imaging: The [I-123]-FP-CIT study group. Mov Disord 2000;15:503–510 | Clinical: Classification |
| 42 | 34b | 116 | Rautakorpi I, Takala J, Marttila RJ, et al. Essential tremor in a Finnish population. Acta Neurol Scand 1982;66:58–67 | Epidemiology |
| 43 | 35 | 115 | Louis ED, Ottman R, Ford B, et al. The Washington Heights-Inwood Genetic Study of Essential Tremor: Methodologic issues in essential-tremor research. Neuroepidemiology 1997;16:124–133 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 44 | 36 | 113 | Critchley E. Clinical manifestations of essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1972;35:365–372 | Clinical: Classification |
| 45 | 37a | 112 | Lombardi WJ, Woolston DJ, Roberts JW, et al. Cognitive deficits in patients with essential tremor. Neurology 2001;57:785–790 | Clinical: Classification |
| 46 | 37b | 112 | Benito-León J, Louis ED, Bermejo-Pareja F. Population-based case-control study of cognitive function in essential tremor. Neurology 2006;66:69–74 | Epidemiology |
| 47 | 38 | 102 | Jankovic J, Schwartz K, Clemence W, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate botulinum toxin type A in essential hand tremor. Mov Disord 1996;11:250–256 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 48 | 39a | 101 | Wilms H, Sievers J, Deuschl G. Animal models of tremor. Mov Disord 1999;14:557–571 | Review |
| 49 | 39b | 101 | Bain P, Brin M, Deuschl G, et al. Criteria for the diagnosis of essential tremor. Neurology 2000;54:S7–S7 | Clinical: Classification |
| 50 | 39c | 101 | Sydow O, Thobois S, Alesch F, et al. Multicentre European study of thalamic stimulation in essential tremor: a six year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:1387–1391 | Epidemiology |
| 51 | 40a | 99 | Asenbaum S, Pirker W, Angelberger P, et al. [I-123]beta-CIT and SPECT in essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 1998;105:1213–1228 | Clinical: Classification |
| 52 | 40b | 99 | Growdon JH, Shahani BT, Young RR. Effect of alcohol on essential tremor. Neurology 1975;25:259–262 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 53 | 40c | 99 | Alesch F, Pinter MM, Helscher RJ, et al. Stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus in tremor dominated Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1995;136:75–81 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 54 | 41 | 98 | Hornabrook RW, Nagurney JT. Essential tremor in Papua, New Guinea. Brain 1976;99:659–672 | Epidemiology |
| 55 | 42a | 97 | Rajput AH, Rozdilsky B, Ang L, et al. Clinicopathological observations in essential tremor: report of 6 cases. Neurology 1991;41:1422–1424 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 56 | 42b | 97 | Lee RG, Stein RB. Resetting of tremor by mechanical perturbations – a comparison of essential tremor and Parkinsonian tremor. Ann Neurol 1981;10:523–531 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 57 | 43 | 96 | Marshall J. Observations on essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1972;25:122–125 | Clinical: Classification |
| 58 | 44a | 95 | Gironell A, Kulisevsky J, Barbanoj M, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled comparative trial of gabapentin and propranolol in essential tremor. Arch Neurol 1999;56:475–480 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 59 | 44b | 95 | Louis ED, Zheng W, Jurewicz EC, et al. Elevation of blood beta-carboline alkaloids in essential tremor. Neurology 2002;59:1940–1944 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 60 | 44c | 95 | Singer C, Sanchezramos J, Weiner WJ. Gait abnormality in essential tremor. Mov Disord 1994;9:193–196 | Clinical: Classification |
| 61 | 44d | 95 | Benito-León J, Bermejo-Pareja F, Louis ED. Incidence of essential tremor in three elderly populations of central Spain. Neurology 2005;64:1721–1725 | Epidemiology |
| 62 | 44e | 95 | Raethjen J, Lindemann M, Schmaljohann H, et al. Multiple oscillators are causing Parkinsonian and essential tremor. Mov Disord 2000;15:84–94 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 63 | 44f | 95 | Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Petursson H, et al. Variant in the sequence of the LINGO1 gene confers risk of essential tremor. Nat Genet 2009;41:277–279 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 64 | 45a | 94 | Busenbark KL, Nash J, Nash S, et al. Is essential tremor benign? Neurology 1991;41:1982–1983 | Epidemiology |
| 65 | 45b | 94 | Louis ED, Shungu DC, Chan S, et al. Metabolic abnormality in the cerebellum in patients with essential tremor: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study. Neurosci Lett 2002;333:17–20 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 66 | 45c | 94 | Hariz MI, Shamsgovara P, Johansson F, et al. Tolerance and tremor rebound following long-term chronic thalamic stimulation for parkinsonian and essential tremor. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1999;72:208–218 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 67 | 46a | 93 | Kumar R, Lozano AM, Sime E, et al. Long-term follow-up of thalamic deep brain stimulation for essential and Parkinsonian tremor. Neurology 2003;61:1601–1604 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 68 | 46b | 93 | Boecker H, Wills AJ, Ceballos-Baumann A, et al. The effect of ethanol on alcohol responsive essential tremor: a positron emission tomography study. Ann Neurol 1996;39:650–658 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 69 | 47a | 92 | Louis ED, Barnes L, Albert SM, et al. Correlates of functional disability in essential tremor. Mov Disord 2001;16:914–920 | Clinical: Classification |
| 70 | 47b | 92 | Hubble JP, Busenbark KL, Wilkinson S, et al. Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. Neurology 1996;46:1150–1153 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 71 | 47c | 92 | Rajput A, Robinson CA, Rajput AH. Essential tremor course and disability – A clinicopathologic study of 20 cases. Neurology 2004;62:932–936 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 72 | 47d | 92 | Bermejo-Pareja F, Louis ED, Benito-León J. Risk of incident dementia in essential tremor: A population-based study. Mov Disord 2007;22:1573–1580 | Epidemiology |
| 73 | 48 | 91 | Louis ED, Ottman R. How familial is familial tremor? The genetic epidemiology of essential tremor. Neurology 1996;46:1200–1205 | Review |
| 74 | 49a | 90 | Louis ED, Marder K, Cote L, et al. Differences in the prevalence of essential tremor among elderly African-Americans, whites, and Hispanics in northern Manhattan, NY. Arch Neurol 1995;52:1201–1205 | Epidemiology |
| 75 | 49b | 90 | Findley LJ, Koller WC. Essential tremor: a review. Neurology 1987;37:1194–1197 | Review |
| 76 | 49c | 90 | Hellwig B, Haussler S, Schelter B, et al. Tremor-correlated cortical activity in essential tremor. Lancet 2001;357:519–523 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 77 | 50a | 88 | Helmchen C, Hagenow A, Miesner J, et al. Eye movement abnormalities in essential tremor may indicate cerebellar dysfunction. Brain 2003;126:1319–1332 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 78 | 50b | 88 | Hallett M, Dubinsky RM. Glucose-metabolism in the brain of patients with essential tremor. J Neurol Sci 1993;114:45–48 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 79 | 50c | 88 | Louis ED, Ford B, Frucht S, et al. Risk of tremor and impairment from tremor in relatives of patients with essential tremor: a community-based family study. Ann Neurol 2001;49:761–769 | Epidemiology |
| 80 | 51a | 87 | Jeanneteau F, Funalot B, Jankovic J, et al. A functional variant of the dopamine D-3 receptor is associated with risk and age-at-onset of essential tremor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006;103:10753–10758 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 81 | 51b | 87 | Jefferson D, Jenner P, Marsden CD. Beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists in essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979;42:904–909 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 82 | 52a | 86 | Benito-León J, Louis ED, Bermejo-Pareja F. Elderly-onset essential tremor is associated with dementia. Neurology 2006;66:1500–1505 | Clinical: Classification |
| 83 | 52b | 86 | Deuschl G, Elble R. Essential tremor–neurodegenerative or nondegenerative disease towards a working definition of ET. Mov Disord 2009;24:2033–2041 | Review |
| 84 | 53a | 86 | Shahed J, Jankovic J. Exploring the relationship between essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007;13:67–76 | Review |
| 85 | 53b | 86 | Leehey MA, Munhoz RP, Lang AE, et al. The fragile X premutation presenting as essential tremor. Arch Neurol 2003;60:117–121 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 86 | 54a | 85 | Koller W, Biary N, Cone S. Disability in essential tremor: effect of treatment. Neurology 1986;36:1001–1004 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 87 | 54b | 85 | Deng H, Le W, Jankovic J. Genetics of essential tremor. Brain 2007;130:1456–1464 | Review |
| 88 | 55a | 84 | Gasparini M, Bonifati V, Fabrizio E, et al. Frontal lobe dysfunction in essential tremor: a preliminary study. J Neurol 2001;248:399–402 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 89 | 55b | 84 | Shill HA, Adler CH, Sabbagh MN, et al. Pathologic findings in prospectively ascertained essential tremor subjects. Neurology 2008;70:1452–1455 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 90 | 56 | 83 | Koller WC, Vetere-Overfield B. Acute and chronic effects of propranolol and primidone in essential tremor. Neurology 1989;39:1587–1588 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 91 | 57a | 82 | Jain S, Lo SE, Louis ED. Common misdiagnosis of a common neurological disorder : how are we misdiagnosing essential tremor? Arch Neurol 2006;63:1100–1104 | Clinical: Classification |
| 92 | 57b | 82 | Jankovic J. Essential tremor: a heterogeneous disorder. Mov Disord 2002;17:638–644 | Clinical: Classification |
| 93 | 57c | 82 | Troster AI, Woods SP, Fields JA, et al. Neuropsychological deficits in essential tremor: an expression of cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathophysiology? Eur J Neurol 2002;9:143–151 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 94 | 57d | 82 | Axelrad JE, Louis ED, Honig LS, et al. Reduced Purkinje cell number in essential tremor. Arch Neurol 2008;65:101–107 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 95 | 58 | 81 | Brin MF, Lyons KE, Doucette J, et al. A randomized, double masked, controlled trial of botulinum toxin type A in essential hand tremor. Neurology 2001;56:1523–1528 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 96 | 59a | 80 | Wills AJ, Jenkins IH, Thompson PD, et al. A positron emission tomography study of cerebral activation-associated with essential and writing tremor. Arch Neurol 1995;52:299–305 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 97 | 59b | 80 | Louis ED, Ford B, Lee H, et al. Diagnostic criteria for essential tremor: a population perspective. Arch Neurol 1998;55:823–828 | Clinical: Classification |
| 98 | 59c | 80 | Kralic JE, Criswell HE, Osterman JL, et al. Genetic essential tremor in gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor alpha 1 subunit knockout mice. J Clin Invest 2005;115:774–779 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 99 | 60a | 79 | Cleeves L, Findley LJ, Koller W. Lack of association between essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 1988;24: 23–26 | Epidemiology |
| 100 | 60b | 79 | Tan EK, Matsuura T, Nagamitsu S, et al. Polymorphism of NACP-Rep1 in Parkinson’s disease: An etiologic link with essential tremor? Neurology 2000;54: 1195–1198 | Lab: Genetic studies |
Table 3
Summary of Top 100 Articles on Dystonia Citations for Dystonia (Ranked in Order of Citations)
| Absolute Number | Rank | Citations | Paper | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 560 | Ozelius LJ, Hewett JW, Page CE, et al. The early-onset torsion dystonia gene (DYT1) encodes an ATP binding protein. Nat Genet 1997;17:40–48 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 2 | 2 | 537 | Burke RE, Fahn S, Marsden CD, et al. Validity and reliability of a rating-scale for the primary torsion dystonias. Neurology 1985;35:73–77 | Clinical: Classification |
| 3 | 3 | 523 | Ichinose H, Ohye T, Takahashi E, et al. Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation caused by mutations in the GTP cyclohydrolase-I gene. Nat Genet 1994;8:236–242 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 4 | 4 | 491 | Berardelli A, Rothwell JC, Hallett M, et al. The pathophysiology of primary dystonia. Brain 1998;121:1195–1212 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 5 | 5 | 453 | Tsui JKC, Stoessl AJ, Eisen A, et al. Double-blind-study of botulinum toxin in spasmodic torticollis. Lancet 1986;2:245–247 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 6 | 6 | 438 | Vidailhet M, Vercueil L, Houeto JL, et al. Bilateral deep-brain stimulation of the globus pallidus in primary generalized dystonia. N Engl J Med 2005;352:459–467 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 7 | 7 | 391 | Ridding MC, Sheean G, Rothwell JC, et al. Changes in the balance between motor cortical excitation and inhibition in focal, task specific dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59:493–498 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 8 | 8 | 363 | Burke RE, Fahn S, Jankovic J, et al. Tardive dystonia: late-onset and persistent dystonia caused by anti-psychotic drugs. Neurology 1982;32:1335–1346 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 9 | 9 | 362 | Kupsch A, Benecke R, Mueller J, et al. Pallidal deep-brain stimulation in primary generalized or segmental dystonia. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1978–1990 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 10 | 10 | 320 | Sheehy MP, Marsden, CD. Writers cramp -a focal dystonia. Brain 1982;105: 461–480 | Clinical: Classification |
| 11 | 11 | 312 | Risch N, de Leon D, Ozelius L, et al. Genetic-analysis of idiopathic torsion dystonia in Ashkenazi Jews and their recent descent from a small founder population. Nat Genet 1995;9:152–159 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 12 | 12 | 311 | Byl NN, Merzenich MM, Jenkins WM. A primate genesis model of focal dystonia and repetitive strain injury 1. Learning-induced dedifferentiation of the representation of the hand in the primary somatosensory cortex in adult monkeys. Neurology 1996;47:508–520 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 13 | 13 | 292 | Vitek JL, Chockkan V, Zhang JY, et al. Neuronal activity in the basal ganglia in patients with generalized dystonia and hemiballismus. Ann Neurol 1999;46:22–35 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 14 | 14 | 282 | Berardelli A, Rothwell JC, Day BL, et al. Patho-physiology of blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia. Brain 1985;108:593–608 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 15 | 15 | 279 | Siebner HR, Tormos JM, Ceballos-Baumann AO, et al. Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in writer’s cramp. Neurology 1999;52:529–537 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 16 | 16 | 259 | Jankovic J, Orman J. Botulinum-a toxin for cranial-cervical dystonia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Neurology 1987;37:616–623 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 17 | 17a | 255 | Elbert T, Candia V, Altenmuller E, et al. Alteration of digital representations in somatosensory cortex in focal hand dystonia. Neuroreport 1998;9:3571–3575 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 18 | 17b | 255 | Jankovic J, Schwartz K, Donovan DT. Botulinum toxin treatment of cranial-cervical dystonia, spasmodic dysphonia, other focal dystonias and hemifacial spasm. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990;53:633–639 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 19 | 17c | 255 | Coubes P, Roubertie A, Vayssiere N, et al. Treatment of DYT1-generalised dystonia by stimulation of the internal globus pallidus. Lancet 2000;355:2220–2221 | Clinical: Surgery |
| 20 | 18 | 248 | Zimprich A, Grabowski M, Asmus F, et al. Mutations in the gene encoding epsilon-sarcoglycan cause myoclonus-dystonia syndrome. Nat Genet 2001;29:66–69 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 21 | 19 | 246 | Brin MF, Fahn S, Moskowitz C, et al. Localized injections of botulinum toxin for the treatment of focal dystonia and hemifacial spasm. Mov Disord 1987;2:237–254 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 22 | 20 | 242 | Nutt JG, Muenter MD, Aronson A, et al. Epidemiology of focal and generalized dystonia in Rochester, Minnesota. Mov Disord 1988;3:188–194 | Epidemiology |
| 23 | 21 | 234 | Greene P, Kang U, Fahn S, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Neurology 1990;40:1213–1218 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 24 | 22 | 233 | Jankovic J, Leder S, Warner D, et al. Cervical dystonia: clinical findings and associated movement-disorders. Neurology 1991;41:1088–1091 | Epidemiology |
| 25 | 23 | 231 | Greene P, Fahn S, Diamond B. Development of resistance to botulinum toxin type-a in patients with torticollis. Mov Disord 1994;9:213–217 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 26 | 24 | 230 | Chan J, Brin MF, Fahn S. Idiopathic cervical dystonia : clinical characteristics. Mov Disord 1991;6:119–126 | Clinical: Classification |
| 27 | 25 | 226 | Jun AS, Brown MD, Wallace DC. A mitochondrial-DNA mutation at nucleotide pair-14459 of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit-6 gene associated with maternally inherited Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and dystonia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994;91:6206–6210 | Lab: Genetic studies |
| 28 | 26a | 225 | Lance JW. Familial paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis and its differentiation from related syndromes. Ann Neurol 1977;2:285–293 | Clinical: Classification |
| 29 | 26b | 225 | Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, et al. Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia. Neurology 1999;53:1431–1438 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 30 | 27 | 224 | Siebner HR, Dressnandt J, Auer C, et al. Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusions induced a marked increase of the transcranially evoked silent period in a patient with generalized dystonia. Muscle Nerve 1998;21:1209–1212 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 31 | 28 | 222 | Nakashima K, Rothwell JC, Day BL, et al. Reciprocal inhibition between forearm muscles in patients with writers cramp and other occupational cramps, symptomatic hemidystonia and hemiparesis due to stroke. Brain 1989;112:681–697 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 32 | 29 | 221 | Bara-Jimenez W, Catalan MJ, Hallett M, et al. Abnormal somatosensory homunculus in dystonia of the hand. Ann Neurol 1998;44: 828–831 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 33 | 30a | 220 | Ceballos-Baumann AO, Passingham RE, Warner T, et al. Overactive prefrontal and underactive motor cortical areas in idiopathic dystonia. Ann Neurol 1995;37:363–372 | Lab: Patho-physiology |
| 34 | 30b | 220 | Brashear A, Lew MF, Dykstra DD, et al. Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-responsive cervical dystonia. Neurology 1999;53:1439–1446 | Clinical: Medicine |
| 35 | 31 | 217 | Breakefield XO, Blood AJ, Li Y, et al. The pathophysiological basis of dystonias. Nat Rev Neurosci 2008;9:222–234 | Review |
| 36 | 32 | 213 | Ozelius L, Kramer PL, Moskowitz CB, et al. Human-gene for torsion dystonia located on chromosome 9q32–q34. Neuron 1989;2:1427–1434 | Lab: Genetic studies |
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Figure 1
Plot Showing the Number of Articles by Category. Essential Tremor (shaded grey) and dystonia (hatched lines).
Figure 2
Number of Most Cited Articles in 5-Year Time Periods.
