| Daniels et al. 200633 | MRI volumetry | 27 ET, 27 controls | No regional decreases in gray and white matter volume in patients with ET |
| Quattrone et al. 200834 | MRI volumetry | 50 ET (30 with arm tremor and 20 with both arm and head tremor), 32 Controls | Marked atrophy of the cerebellar vermis in the ET patients with arm and head tremor when compared with controls |
| Cerasa et al. 200935 | MRI volumetry | 46 ET (27 with arm tremor and 19 with arm and head tremor), 28 controls | A reduction of cerebellar volume in ET patients with head tremor, with respect to healthy controls |
| Benito-León et al. 200938 | MRI volumetry | 19 ET, 20 controls | In case–control comparisons, white matter changes were seen in several areas, including the right cerebellum, left medulla, right parietal lobe, and right limbic lobe; gray matter changes were seen in several areas as well, including the bilateral cerebellum, bilateral parietal lobes, right frontal lobe, and right insula |
| Bagepally et al. 201239 | MRI volumetry | 20 ET, 17 controls | ET patients exhibited widespread areas of atrophy in both the cerebellum and cerebral gray matter |
| Lin et al. 201340 | MRI volumetry | 10 ET, 10 Parkinson's disease, 13 controls | Compared to the control group, the ET group showed significantly smaller volumes of many brain regions, including the caudate body, middle temporal pole, insula, precuneus, and superior temporal gyrus, but not the cerebellum |
| Louis et al. 200247 | MRS | 16 ET, 11 controls | Mean cerebellar cortical NAA/Cr was reduced in cases compared to controls |
| Pagan et al. 200348 | MRS | 10 ET, 10 controls | Left and right cerebellar hemisphere NAA/Cr ratios were significantly smaller in the ET patients than controls |
| Kendi et al. 200549 | MRS | 14 ET, 9 controls | The study focused exclusively on the thalamus. In the ET patients, the NAA/Cr ratio in the right thalamus was significantly higher than the NAA/Cr ratio of the left thalamus. |
| Martinelli et al. 200754 | DWI | 10 ET, 10 controls | Diffusion coefficients were similar in all brain areas in ET patients and controls |
| Buijink et al. 201355 | DTI | 8 ET, 5 controls | No significant decrease in FA values (cerebellum) in ET patients compared to controls |
| Shin et al. 200852 | DTI | 10 ET, 8 controls | ET patients exhibited significantly reduced FA in the bilateral cerebellum as well as other brain regions, including the anterolateral portion of the right pons, left midbrain, and bilateral deep white matter of the orbitofrontal, lateral frontal, parietal, and temporal white matter |
| Nicoletti et al. 201056 | DTI | 25 ET, 15 controls | In ET, FA values were reduced in the region of the dentate nucleus and middle cerebellar peduncle, and mean diffusivity values were higher in the superior cerebellar peduncle |
| Klein et al. 201157 | DTI | 14 ET, 20 controls | Reduced FA in the right inferior cerebellar peduncle and increased mean diffusivity bilaterally in the inferior cerebellar peduncles in ET. Increased mean diffusivity was distributed in both motor and non-motor white matter fibers of ET. |
| Jia et al. 201158 | DTI | 15 ET, 15 controls | Diffusion values in the red nuclei were higher in ET cases than controls, but the authors only assessed a limited number of regions of interest, which did not include the cerebellum |
| Saini et al. 201259 | DTI | 20 ET, 17 controls | ET patients showed significant increases in diffusivity in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres, cerebellar hemisphere white matter, thalamus, brainstem and right frontoparietal white matter. No significant change in FA of the white matter was seen. Region of interest analysis also revealed abnormalities in the anterior limb of the internal capsules and cerebellar peduncles. |
| Oliveira et al. 201265 | Other MRI | 33 ET, 507 controls | Total white matter hyperintensity volume was greater in ET cases than controls. Cerebellar white matter hyperintensity volume was greater in ET cases than controls in adjusted analyses. |
| Novellino et al. 201366 | Other MRI | 24 ET, 25 controls | Whole-brain voxel-based analyses showed significant differences, consistent with increased iron deposition, in the bilateral globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and in right dentate nucleus |
| Boecker et al. 201074 | PET | 8 ET, 11 controls | In the ET patients, there was a significant increase in binding of 11C-flumazenil at the benzodiazepine receptor site of the GABAA receptor in the cerebellum (at the level of the dentate nucleus), the ventrolateral thalamus, and the lateral premotor cortex |
| Gironell et al. 201276 | | 10 ET, no controls | There was a significant correlation between cerebellar flumazenil uptake and tremor rating scale scores |
