Video 1.
Video Demonstrating Mirror Movements in Patient 3.
Patient 3 is asked to raise her left arm above her head and open and close her left hand and then raise her right arm above her head and open and close her right hand. MM in the contralateral hand are witnessed during each of these tasks.
Table 1
Additional Clinical History for Patients with Moebius Syndrome and Mirror Movements
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hearing loss | Symptoms denied by patient | Symptoms denied by patient | Audiology examination notable for mild sensorineural hearing loss bilaterally |
| Additional cranial nerve abnormalities | XII: tongue atrophy | Decreased sensation in left V2 and V3 apparent, but patient has prior history of multiple smile surgeries. | XII: tongue atrophy |
| Limb anomalies | No | No | No |
| Poland anomaly 1 | No | No | No |
| Mental retardation/developmental delay | Yes | No | No |
| Psychiatric diagnosis | Anxiety, autism | No | No |
| Klippel–Feil anomaly | Neck X-rays reviewed and no evidence of Klippel–Feil anomaly | Neck X-rays unavailable, but patient has a long neck, normal range of motion, and a normal posterior hairline | Neck X-rays reviewed and no evidence of Klippel–Feil anomaly |
| Anosmia | No | No | No |
| Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism | No | No | No |
| Family history of mirror movements | No | No | No |
| Family history of Moebius syndrome | No | No | No |
| Family history of consanguinity | No | No | No |