Table 1
Phenomenology, Treatment, and Frequency of PBT for the four patients
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | male | male | male | female |
| Age in years | 62 | 54 | 48 | 50 |
| Age when starting to play the violin | 8 | 12 | 4 | 13 |
| Age at onset of PBT | 46 | 43 | 40 | 43 |
| Tremor duration in years | 16 | 11 | 8 | 7 |
| Unilateral right tremor | y | y | y | y |
| Previous trauma | y | n | n | y |
| Spreading of tremor | y | Y | y | n |
| Postural tremor | n | n | n | y |
| Rest tremor | n | n | n | n |
| Medication | Prop, Thx, Gabap, Topi, Prim | Prim, Prop | Prim, Prop | Prop |
| Botulinum toxin | y | n | y | n |
| Ethanol responsive | y | y | little | n |
| Family history for tremor | y | y | n | n |
| Deep brain stimulation | n | n | n | n |
| Tremor frequency GM/OS | 5.9/6.7 Hz | 4.7/4.9 Hz | 6.5/5.5 Hz | 6.1/5.7 Hz |
Figure 1
Placement of the Accelerometer on the Dorsum of the Hand.
The three axes (x, y, z) are indicated by arrows. With regard to the hand the x-axis is in a lateral-medial direction, the y-axis in a proximal-distal direction and the z-axis perpendicular to the dorsum of the hand. The z-axis was thus chosen for the tremor assessment.
Figure 2
Empirical Mode Decomposition and Marginal Hilbert spectrum.
(A) Empirical mode decomposition with intrinsic mode functions (IMF) 1–6 and the original signal for patient 1 with IMF 3 containing the tremor signal. (B) Marginal Hilbert amplitude spectrum of IMF 3 for patient 1 playing the G major scale condition. The main frequency (peak value) was 6.7 Hz.
Video 1.
Unmarked festgelegt von lee.
First a short up-bow movement on the g string and then a short up- and down-bow movement on the d string are visible and audible. Tremor is clearly visible and audible as well and most severe at the frog of the bow.