Table 1
Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics between the Two Groups
| Developed Parkinsonism (n = 10) | Did Not Develop Parkinsonism (n = 12) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leg dystonia with levodopa response | 7 (70%) | 2 (16%) | 0.02 |
| Family history of Parkinson’s disease or tremor | 5 (50%) | 3 (25%) | 0.22 |
| Type of dystonia (action/rest) | 7 (70%)/3 (30%) | 7 (58%)/5 (42%) | 0.57 |
| Gender (F/M) | 9 (90%)/1 (10%) | 8 (66%)/4 (33%) | 0.19 |
| Age of onset (years; range) | 49 (22–75) | 53 (31–71) | 0.59 |
Table 2
Summary of the Clinical Characteristics between the Two Groups
| Developed Parkinsonism (n = 10) | Did Not Develop Parkinsonism (n = 12) | |
|---|---|---|
| Median follow-up period (years; range) | 2 (0.5–22) | 1 (0.5–9) |
| Median time from leg dystonia onset to Parkinsonism (years; range) | 1 (0.5–3) | NA |
| Median effective levodopa dose (mg; range) | 600 (350–800) | NA |
| Developed corticobasal syndrome | 2 | 0 |
Table 3
Data Collected From All Subjects
| Case | Develop PD (Time to Diagnosis) | Develop Corticobasal Syndrome (Time to Diagnosis) | Age Onset | Type | Sex | Levodopa Response (Dose per Day) | Anticholinergic Response? | Family History of PD or Tremor? | Years of Follow-up | Response to Other Medications/Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | No | 59 | Action | F | No (75 mg) | Not tried | No | 9 | |
| 2 | No | No | 55 | Rest | M | No | Not tried | No | 3 | |
| 3 | No | No | 64 | Action | F | No | No | No | 5 | Responded to baclofen but not to clonazepam |
| 4 | No | No | 71 | Rest | F | No (1500 mg) | No | No | 1 | Responded to botulinum toxin A injection |
| 5 | No | No | 31 | Action | F | No (750 mg) | Yes (12 mg) | No | 0.5 | |
| 6 | No | No | 57 | Rest | F | No (300 mg) | Not tried | No | 8 | Responded to pramipexole 1 mg/day, baclofen and botulinum toxin A injection |
| 7 | No | No | 63 | Rest | M | No | Not tried | Yes | 1 | |
| 8 | No | No | 43 | Action | M | No (300 mg) | Not tried | No | 0.5 | Long distance runner |
| 9 | No | No | 40 | Action | F | Yes (300 mg) | Not tried | No | 2 | Long distance runner |
| 10 | No | No | 36 | Action | F | No (600 mg) | Not tried | No | 2 | Long distance runner |
| 11 | No | No | 61 | Action | M | No (900 mg) | Not tried | Yes | 1 | |
| 12 | No | No | 55 | Rest | F | Yes (750 mg) | Not tried | No | 1 | Responded to ropinirole |
| 13 | No | Yes (8 years) | 37 | Action | F | No (750 mg) | Yes | No | 8 | |
| 14 | No | Yes (2 years) | 60 | Rest | F | No | Not tried | No | 2 | Did not respond botulinum toxin A injection |
| 15 | Yes (0.5 years later) | No | 22 | Rest | F | Yes (800 mg) | Not tried | Yes | 0.5 | |
| 16 | Yes (0.5 years later) | No | 51 | Action | M | Yes (750 mg) | Not tried | No | 11 | Responded to botulinum toxin A injection |
| 17 | Yes (1 year later) | No | 73 | Rest | F | Yes (600 mg) | Not tried | Yes | 2 | Responded to clonazepam, no benefit baclofen 30 mg |
| 18 | Yes (1 year later) | No | 41 | Action | F | Not tried | Not tried | No | 1 | |
| 19 | Yes (2 years later) | No | 75 | Action | F | Yes (300 mg) | Not tried | No | 8 | |
| 20 | Yes (2 years) | No | 43 | Action | F | Yes (600 mg) | Not tried | Yes | 1 | |
| 21 | Yes (2 years) | No | 45 | Action | F | Yes (500 mg) | Yes (4 mg) | Yes | 2 | Did not respond baclofen 60 mg |
| 22 | Yes (3 years later) | No | 43 | Action | F | Yes (750 mg) | Not tried | Yes | 22 | Responded to pramipexole 3 mg |