Feelings of Helplessness in ET: A Preliminary Analysis of Prevalence and Clinical Correlates
By: Elan D. Louis
References
- Louis ED, McCreary M. How Common is Essential Tremor? Update on the Worldwide Prevalence of Essential Tremor. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2021;11:28. DOI: 10.5334/tohm.632
- Louis ED. The Essential Tremors: Evolving Concepts of a Family of Diseases. Front Neurol. 2021;12:650601. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.650601
- Louis ED. The primary type of tremor in essential tremor is kinetic rather than postural: cross-sectional observation of tremor phenomenology in 369 cases. Eur J Neurol. 2013;20(4):725–727. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03855.x
- Hale EA, Louis ED. Severe Essential Tremor: Illustrative Videos. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2019;9. DOI: 10.5334/tohm.517
- Louis ED, Barnes L, Albert SM, et al. Correlates of functional disability in essential tremor. Mov Disord. 2001;16(5):914–920. DOI: 10.1002/mds.1184
- Koller W, Biary N, Cone S. Disability in essential tremor: effect of treatment. Neurology. 1986;36(7):1001–1004. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.36.7.1001
- Bain PG, Findley LJ, Thompson PD, et al. A study of hereditary essential tremor. Brain. 1994;117(Pt 4):805–824. DOI: 10.1093/brain/117.4.805
- Rautakorpi I. Essential tremor. An epidemiological, clinical and genetic study. Academic Dissertation University of Turku, Finland 1978.
- Diaz NL, Louis ED. Survey of medication usage patterns among essential tremor patients: movement disorder specialists vs. general neurologists. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16(9):604–607. DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.07.011
- Louis ED, Benito-Leon J, Vega S, Bermejo-Pareja F. Frailty in elderly persons with essential tremor: a population-based study (NEDICES). Eur J Neurol. 2011;18:1251–1257. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03374.x
- Louis ED, Benito-Leon J, Bermejo-Pareja F. Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale in essential tremor: a population-based study in three Spanish communities. Mov Disord. 2008;23(10):1435–1440. DOI: 10.1002/mds.22124
- Gerbasi ME, Elble RJ, Shill HA, et al. Association Between Tremor Severity and Caregiving Intensity in Essential Tremor. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2025;15:37. DOI: 10.5334/tohm.1046
- Morgan S, Kellner S, Gutierrez J, et al. The Experience of Essential Tremor Caregivers: Burden and Its Correlates. Front Neurol. 2017;8:396. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00396
- Ghanem A, Berry DS, Burkes A, et al. Prevalence of and Annual Conversion Rates to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Prospective, Longitudinal Study of an Essential Tremor Cohort. Ann Neurol. 2024;95(6):1193–1204. DOI: 10.1002/ana.26927
- Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res. 1982;17(1):37–49. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4
- Linn BS, Linn MW, Gurel L. Cumulative illness rating scale. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1968;16(5):622–626. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1968.tb02103.x
- Cersonsky TEK, Kellner S, Morgan S, et al. Demoralization in essential tremor: prevalence, clinical correlates, and dissociation from tremor severity. CNS Spectr. 2020;25(1):16–23. DOI: 10.1017/S1092852918001633
- Robinson S, Kissane DW, Brooker J, et al. Refinement and revalidation of the demoralization scale: The DS-II-internal validity. Cancer. 2016;122(14):2251–2259. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30015
- Langer EJ, Rodin J. The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: a field experiment in an institutional setting. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1976;34(2):191–198. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.34.2.191
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/tohm.1295 | Journal eISSN: 2160-8288
Language: English
Page range: 59 - 59
Submitted on: Sep 9, 2026
Accepted on: Oct 12, 2026
Published on: Oct 22, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2026 Elan D. Louis, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.