Table 1
DBS coordinates and parameters and UMRS scores in our cohort.
| LEAD TIP COORDINATES | INITIAL SETTINGS | MOST-EFFECTIVE SETTINGS | UMRS PRE-DBS | UMRS POST-DBS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient 1 | L Lead: X: 20.2 Y: 1.8 Z: –5.5 R Lead: X: 20.8 Y: 0.1 Z: –6.0 | L GPi: C+2–: 2.0 V/60 usec/130 Hz R GPi: 10+11– 2.0 V/60 usec/130 Hz | L Gpi: 2.0 V/130 µs/30 Hz R Gpi: 10+11–: 2.0 V/130 µs/30 Hz | Rest myoclonus: 12 Action myoclonus: 70 Negative myoclonus severity score: 3 | Rest myoclonus: 0 (100%) Action myoclonus: 61 (–13%) Negative myoclonus severity score: 3 |
| Patient 2 | L Lead: X: 19.0 Y0.8 Z: –4 R Lead: X: 19.2 Y: 0.3 Z: –3.5 | L GPi: C+2 1.5 V/60 usec/130 Hz; R GPi: C+11– 1.5 V/60 usec/130 Hz | L Gpi: C+1– 1.0V/130usec/30 Hz R Gpi: 8+9– 1.0 V/130 usec/30 Hz | Rest myoclonus: 21 Action myoclonus: 11 Negative myoclonus severity score: 1 | Rest myoclonus: 7 (–65%) Action myoclonus: 6 (–45%) Negative myoclonus severity score: 1 |
| Patient 3 | L Lead: X: 18.5 Y: 0.4 Z: –5.7 R Lead: X: 18.5 Y: 0.3 Z: –5.3 | LGPi 0–1+: 2.0V/ 90us/130 Hz R GPi 8–9+: 2.0 V/90us/130 Hz | – | – | – |
[i] Abbreviations: DBS: Deep Brain Stimulation; GPi: globus pallida interna; L: left; R: right; UMRS: Unified Myoclonus Rating Scale.
Table 2
Demographic and clinical data and DBS parameters from prior studies and our cohort.
| STUDY | AGE/GENDER | ETIOLOGY | FOLLOW-UP DURATION AFTER DBS (MONTHS) | TIMETO DBS (MONTHS) | DBS TARGET/ELECTRODE | DBS PARAMETERS (CONTACTS: AMPLITUDE/PW/FREQUENCY) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kobayashi et al. [13] | 36M | Perinatal hypoxia | 24 | 384 | BL VIM | R: 1–3+/210 μs /135 Hz L: 1–3+ 210 μs /135 Hz |
| Yamada et al. [14] | 71 M | CPA after pulmonary embolism | 10 | 10 | Left Gpi Awake, sterotactic | L: 1–2+1,8 V/450 μs/130 Hz |
| Asahi et al. [15] | 54M | CPA following obstruction of the tracheal tube by phlegm | 6 | 12 | BL Gpi Awake, sterotactic | R: 1– 2+ 2.5 V/60 μs/125 Hz L: 0–1+ 2.0 V/60 μs/125 Hz |
| Ramdhani et. al. [20] | 23M | CPA after asthmatic attack | 6 | 36 | BL Gpi Awake, sterotactic | R: 3-c+: 2.8 V/90 μs/130 Hz L: 1–2–3–C+: 2.5 V/60 μs/130 Hz |
| Gao et al. [12] | 33F | CPA after drowning | 12 | 5 | BL Gpi Asleep, iMRI guided | R: 1–2 –C+: 3.2 V/60 μs/180 Hz L: 1–2 –C+:3.2 V/60 μs/180 Hz |
| Mure et al. [19] | 79M | CPA after carotid endarterectomy | 24 | 12 | BL Gpi Awake, sterotactic | R: 3+2–1–, 2.5 mA/212 μs/110 Hz L: 3+2–1–, 4.25 mA/237 μs/110 Hz |
| Kim et al. [18] | 34F | CPA after drowning | 60 | 36 | BL Gpi Awake, sterotactic | R: C+0– 2,5 V/130 μs/35 Hz L: C+1– 2,5 V/130 μs/35 Hz |
| Ozturk et al. [16] | 40F | CPA after cesarean delivery | 36 | 156 | BL Gpi Awake, sterotactic | 3 V/60 μs/160 Hz |
| Tharp et al. [17] | 38M | CPA | 9 | NA | BL STN General anesthesia | L: C+ 2b,c- 1.0 mA/90/130 Hz R: C+ 10b- 1.7 mA/90 us/130 Hz |
| Kaur et al. [21] | 56F | CPA after suicide attempt | 6 | 24 | BL Gpi adaptative Under anesthesia | Monopolar R: C+2–: 3.5 mA/90 µs/130 Hz L: C+9–: 3.5 mA/90 µs/130 Hz. |
| Patient 1 | 27M | CPA after pulmonary embolism | 52 | 24 | BL Gpi General anesthesia | L: 2.0 V/130 µs/30 Hz; R: 10+11–: 2.0 V/130 µs/30 Hz |
| Patient 2 | 56M | CPA after thyroid artery rupture | 46 | 42 | BL Gpi General anesthesia | L: C+2– 1.5 V/60 µs/130 Hz, R: C+11– 1.5 V/60 µs/130 Hz |
| Patient 3 | 18M | CPA after spontaneous bilateral PNX | 84 | 24 | BL Gpi General anesthesia | L: 0–1+: 2.0 V/90 µs/130 R: 8–9+: 2.0 V/90 µs/130 Hz |
[i] Abbreviations: BL: bilateral; CPA cardiopulmonary arrest; DBS: Deep brain stimulation, GPi: globus pallida interna; L: left, PNX: pneumothorax; PW: pulse width; R: right.
Table 3
DBS outcomes of prior cases.
| UMRS SCORES PRE-DBS | UMRS SCORES POST-DBS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| REST | ACTION | REFLEX MYOCLONUS | REST | ACTION | REFLEX MYOCLONUS | |
| Kobayashi et al. [13] | – | 14 | – | – | 11(–21%) | – |
| Yamada et al. [14] | 24 | 52 | – | 6 (–75%) | 15 (–71%) | – |
| Asahi et al. [15] | 8 | 25 | 5 | 0 (100%) | 5 (–80%) | 0 (–100%) |
| Ramdhani et al. [20] | 75 | 52 | 0 | 0 (100%) | 32 (–39%) | 0 |
| Gao et al. [12] | 61 | 2 | – | 40 (– 34%) | 0 (100%) | – |
| Mure et al. [19] | 90 | – | – | 24 (–73%) | – | |
| Kim et al. [18] | 32 | 80 | 17 | 52 (–35%) | 3 (–90%) | 8 (–53%) |
| Ozturk et al. [16] | 30 | 112 | 13 | 24 (–20%) | 103 (–8%) | 11 (–15%) |
| Tharp et al. [17] | 29 | – | – | 28 (–4%) | – | |
| Kaur et al. [21] | 18 | 104 | 0 | 12 (–33%) | 43 (–59%) | 0 |
[i] Abbreviations: DBS: deep brain stimulation, UMRS: Unified Myoclonus Rating Scale.