Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Real-World Experiences with VMAT2 Inhibitors in Pediatric Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Cover

Real-World Experiences with VMAT2 Inhibitors in Pediatric Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Volume 15 (2025): Issue 1
By: Sujal ManoharORCID,  Jennifer Jacobe,  Rebecca BergerORCID,  Joseph JankovicORCID and  Mariam HullORCID  
Open Access
|Jun 2025

References

  1. 1Stahl SM. Comparing pharmacologic mechanism of action for the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors valbenazine and deutetrabenazine in treating tardive dyskinesia: does one have advantages over the other? CNS Spectr. 2018;23:239–247. DOI: 10.1017/S1092852918001219
    Back to article
  2. 2Stahl SM. Mechanism of action of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors in tardive dyskinesia: reducing dopamine leads to less “go” and more “stop” from the motor striatum for robust therapeutic effects. CNS Spectr. 2018;23:1–6. DOI: 10.1017/S1092852917000621
    Back to article
  3. 3Jankovic J, Clarence-Smith K. Tetrabenazine for the treatment of chorea and other hyperkinetic movement disorders. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011;11:1509–1523. DOI: 10.1586/ern.11.149
    Back to article
  4. 4Nikkhah A. A Brief Review on the Role of Vesicular Monoamine Transporter2 Inhibitors in Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders. Iran J Child Neurol. 2021;15:29–33.
    Back to article
  5. 5Bashir HH, Jankovic J. Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia. Neurol Clin. 2020;38:379–396. DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2020.01.004
    Back to article
  6. 6Bashir H, Jankovic J. Treatment options for chorea. Expert Rev Neurother. 2018;18:51–63. DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1403899
    Back to article
  7. 7Marshall FJ. Tetrabenazine as antichorea therapy in Huntington disease: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology. 2006;66:366–372. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000198586.85250.13
    Back to article
  8. 8Niemann N, Jankovic J. Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia: A General Overview with Focus on the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 Inhibitors. Drugs. 2018;78:525–541. DOI: 10.1007/s40265-018-0874-x
    Back to article
  9. 9Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) Inhibitors. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
    Back to article
  10. 10Solmi M, Pigato G, Kane JM, Correll CU. Treatment of tardive dyskinesia with VMAT-2 inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018;12:1215–1238. DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S133205
    Back to article
  11. 11Khorassani F, Luther K, Talreja O. Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine: Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors for tardive dyskinesia. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2020;77:167–174. DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxz299
    Back to article
  12. 12Golsorkhi M, Koch J, Pedouim F, Frei K, Bondariyan N, Dashtipour K. Comparative Analysis of Deutetrabenazine and Valbenazine as VMAT2 Inhibitors for Tardive Dyskinesia: A Systematic Review. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2024;14. DOI: 10.5334/tohm.842
    Back to article
  13. 13Anderson KE, Stamler D, Davis MD, et al. Deutetrabenazine for treatment of involuntary movements in patients with tardive dyskinesia (AIM-TD): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2017;4:595–604. DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30236-5
    Back to article
  14. 14Stimming EF, Claassen DO, Kayson E, et al. Safety and efficacy of valbenazine for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease (KINECT-HD): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2023;22:494–504. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00127-8
    Back to article
  15. 15Farber RH, Angelov A, Kim K, Carmack T, Thai-Cuarto D, Roberts E. Clinical development of valbenazine for tics associated with Tourette syndrome. Expert Rev Neurother. 2021;21:393–404. DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1898948
    Back to article
  16. 16Jankovic J, Coffey B, Claassen DO, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Flexible-Dose Deutetrabenazine in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:E2128204. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28204
    Back to article
  17. 17Coffey B, Jankovic J, Claassen DO, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Fixed-Dose Deutetrabenazine in Children and Adolescents for Tics Associated With Tourette Syndrome A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. American Medical Association. 2021;4:E2129397. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.29397
    Back to article
  18. 18Wang S, Xiong Z, Cui Y, et al. Placebo and Nocebo Responses in Pharmacological Trials of Tic Disorders: A Meta-Analysis. Movement Disorders. 2024;39:585–595. DOI: 10.1002/mds.29714
    Back to article
  19. 19Makhoul K, Jankovic J. Real-world experience with VMAT2 inhibitors in Tourette syndrome. J Neurol. 2023;270:4518–4522. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11769-0
    Back to article
  20. 20Study Details|Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Valbenazine for the Treatment of Dyskinesia Due to Cerebral Palsy|ClinicalTrials.gov. Accessed at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05206513.
    Back to article
  21. 21Niemann N, Jankovic J. Real-World Experience With VMAT2 Inhibitors. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2019;42:37–41. DOI: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000326
    Back to article
  22. 22Schultz JL, Killoran A, Nopoulos PC, Chabal CC, Moser DJ, Kamholz JA. Evaluating depression and suicidality in tetrabenazine users with Huntington disease. Neurology. 2018;91:e202–e207. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000005817
    Back to article
  23. 23Jain S, Greene PE, Frucht SJ. Tetrabenazine therapy of pediatric hyperkinetic movement disorders. Mov Disord. 2006;21:1966–1972. DOI: 10.1002/mds.21063
    Back to article
  24. 24Chen JJ, Ondo WG, Dashtipour K, Swope DM. Tetrabenazine for the treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders: a review of the literature. Clin Ther. 2012;34:1487–1504. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.06.010
    Back to article
  25. 25Busner J, Targum SD. The Clinical Global Impressions Scale: Applying a Research Tool in Clinical Practice. Psychiatry (Edgmont). 2007;4:28.
    Back to article
  26. 26Ma E, Krening E, Bruno MK. Dissemination of VMAT-2 Inhibitors: A New Class Drug for Tardive Dyskinesia and Huntington Disease. Neurol Clin Pract. 2025;15. DOI: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200392
    Back to article
  27. 27Conn H, Jankovic J. Drug-induced parkinsonism: diagnosis and treatment. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2024;23. DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2418950
    Back to article
  28. 28Moondra P, Jimenez-Shahed J. Profiling deutetrabenazine extended-release tablets for tardive dyskinesia and chorea associated with Huntington’s disease. Expert Rev Neurother. 2024;24:849–863. DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2376107
    Back to article
  29. 29Burke RE, Reches A, Traub MM, Ilson J, Swash M, Fahn S. Tetrabenazine induces acute dystonic reactions. Ann Neurol. 1985;17:200–202. DOI: 10.1002/ana.410170217
    Back to article
  30. 30Tural Hesapcioglu S, Ceylan MF, Kandemir G, Kasak M, Sen CP, Correll CU. Frequency and Correlates of Acute Dystonic Reactions After Antipsychotic Initiation in 441 Children and Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2020;30:366–375. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2019.0123
    Back to article
  31. 31Mehanna R, Hunter C, Davidson A, Jimenez-Shahed J, Jankovic J. Analysis of CYP2D6 genotype and response to tetrabenazine. Mov Disord. 2013;28:210–215. DOI: 10.1002/mds.25278
    Back to article
  32. 32Niemann N, Jimenez-Shahed J. Deutetrabenazine in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2019;9:59–71. DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2018-0042
    Back to article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/tohm.1023 | Journal eISSN: 2160-8288
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Submitted on: Apr 4, 2025
Accepted on: Jun 4, 2025
Published on: Jun 16, 2025
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
VMAT2 inhibitors,
tetrabenazine,
valbenazine,
deutetrabenazine,
pediatric hyperkinetic movement disorders

© 2025 Sujal Manohar, Jennifer Jacobe, Rebecca Berger, Joseph Jankovic, Mariam Hull, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Previous articleVolume 15 (2025): Issue 1Next article