Table 1
Descriptive statistics and distributive properties of SCS items.
| M | SD | Skewness | Kurtosis | RJB | ISC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCS-1 | 2.04 | 1.11 | –0.01 ns | 2.33*** | 1.03 ns | 0.34 |
| SCS-2 | 1.84 | 1.30 | 0.16** | 1.89*** | 45.43*** | 0.51 |
| SCS-3 | 2.54 | 1.11 | –0.45*** | 2.45*** | 45.46*** | 0.41 |
| SCS-4 | 1.93 | 1.31 | 0.11 ns | 1.87*** | 40.82*** | 0.44 |
| SCS-5 | 2.02 | 1.19 | –0.04 ns | 2.10*** | 15.78*** | 0.40 |
| SCS-6 | 1.89 | 1.21 | 0.06 ns | 2.03*** | 24.40*** | 0.44 |
| SCS-7 | 1.96 | 1.34 | –0.02 ns | 1.81*** | 40.94*** | 0.26 |
| SCS-8 | 1.86 | 1.18 | 0.14 ns | 2.15*** | 18.70*** | 0.32 |
| SCS-9 | 2.41 | 1.20 | –0.32*** | 2.20*** | 45.80*** | 0.37 |
| SCS-10 | 1.70 | 1.28 | 0.21** | 1.93*** | 49.18*** | 0.30 |
| SCS-11 | 2.08 | 1.18 | –0.05 ns | 2.18*** | 8.34* | 0.41 |
| SCS-12 | 1.77 | 1.21 | 0.12 ns | 2.05*** | 27.85*** | 0.36 |
| SCS-13 | 1.90 | 1.36 | 0.15* | 1.79*** | 50.96*** | 0.52 |
| SCS-14 | 2.41 | 1.10 | –0.21** | 2.31*** | 27.17*** | 0.49 |
| SCS-15 | 2.21 | 1.19 | –0.25*** | 2.16*** | 31.54*** | 0.53 |
| SCS-16 | 1.93 | 1.22 | 0.05 ns | 1.99*** | 29.27*** | 0.50 |
| SCS-17 | 2.19 | 1.16 | –0.10 ns | 2.17*** | 16.15*** | 0.57 |
| SCS-18 | 2.00 | 1.28 | 0.01 ns | 1.91*** | 33.75*** | 0.43 |
| SCS-19 | 1.79 | 1.13 | 0.11 ns | 2.28*** | 8.76* | 0.46 |
| SCS-20 | 2.01 | 1.21 | –0.05 ns | 2.08*** | 16.10*** | 0.42 |
| SCS-21 | 2.04 | 1.25 | –0.02 ns | 1.97*** | 27.12*** | 0.46 |
| SCS-22 | 2.09 | 1.12 | –0.05 ns | 2.28*** | 4.28 ns | 0.37 |
| SCS-23 | 2.04 | 1.11 | 0.05 ns | 2.24*** | 7.13* | 0.48 |
| SCS-24 | 1.95 | 1.23 | 0.06 ns | 1.98*** | 29.75*** | 0.50 |
| SCS-25 | 1.83 | 1.28 | 0.19** | 1.93*** | 43.87*** | 0.52 |
| SCS-26 | 2.12 | 1.07 | –0.07 ns | 2.38*** | 2.11 ns | 0.51 |
[i] Note. N = 1181. M – mean. SD – standard deviation. RJB – Robust Jarque-Bera test of normal distribution. ISC – corrected polychoric correlation of item to total score. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ns = nonsignificant.
Table 2
Reliability values for SCS.
| Total | Self-compassionate dimension SK+CH+M | Self-uncompassionate dimension SJ+I+OI | SK | SJ | CH | IS | MI | OI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cronbach α (Pearson) | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.71 |
| Cronbach α (polychoric) | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.81 | 0.71 | 0.72 | 0.77 | 0.72 | 0.76 |
| McDonald ω | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.74 |
| McDonald ω (hierarchical) | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.82 |
[i] Note. SK Self-Kindness. CH Common Humanity. MI Mindfulness. SJ Self-Judgement. IS Isolation. OI Over-Identification.
Table 3
Nonparametric Spearman correlations between SCS, FSCRS, LOSC and SCCS and its subscales.
| SCS | SCS SKI | SCS SJ | SCS CH | SCS IS | SCS MI | SCS OI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FSCRS | –0.455*** | –0.486*** | –0.227*** | –0.282*** | –0.225*** | –0.460*** | –0.183*** | |
| FSCRS | HS | –0.303*** | –0.316*** | –0.202*** | –0.171*** | –0.171*** | –0.297*** | –0.118*** |
| FSCRS | IS | –0.325*** | –0.347*** | –0.176*** | –0.150*** | –0.191*** | –0.331*** | –0.171*** |
| FSCRS | RE | 0.492*** | 0.530*** | 0.211*** | 0.369*** | 0.211*** | 0.488*** | 0.165*** |
| SCCS | –0.113** | 0.065 ns | –0.205*** | 0.104* | –0.196*** | 0.001 ns | –0.212*** | |
| SCCS | SCCS SCR | –0.437*** | –0.283*** | –0.473*** | –0.122** | –0.326*** | –0.268*** | –0.418*** |
| SCCS | SCCS SCO | 0.367*** | 0.422*** | 0.272*** | 0.277*** | 0.138** | 0.317*** | 0.219*** |
| LOSC | 0.291*** | –0.268*** | 0.483*** | –0.68 ns | 0.529*** | –0.210*** | 0.542*** | |
| LOSC | LOSC CSC | 0.149*** | –0.265*** | 0.360*** | –0.139** | 0.426*** | –0.264*** | 0.390*** |
| LOSC | LOSC ISC | 0.366*** | –0.202*** | 0.486*** | 0.027 ns | 0.500*** | –0.101* | 0.535*** |
[i] Note. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. ns – nonsignificant. SCS – The Self-Compassion Scale (SK Self-Kindness. CH Common Humanity. MI Mindfulness. SJ Self-Judgement. IS Isolation. OI Over-Identification). FSCRS – The Forms of Self-criticism/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale (RE Reassured Self, IS Inadequate self, HS Hated self). LOSC – The Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (CSC Comparing Self-Criticism, ISC Internalized Self-Criticism). SCCS – The Self-Compassion and Self-Criticism Scales (SCR Self-Criticism, SCO Self-Compassion).
Figure 1
Two-tier model of the SCS scale.
Note. SCR Self-compassionate responding subscale. SUR Self-uncompassionate responding subscale. SCS1-SCS24 particular items of SCS with numbers. SK Self-Kindness, CH Common Humanity. MI Mindfulness, SJ Self-Judgment, IS Isolation, and OI Over-identification.
Table 4
Factor loadings of two-tier IRT (Samejima graded response) model.
| FG1 | FG2 | SK | SJ | CH | IS | MI | OI | h2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCS-1 | 0.459 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.251 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.273 |
| SCS-2 | 0.746 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | –0.100 | 0.566 |
| SCS-3 | 0.000 | 0.534 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.203 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.326 |
| SCS-4 | 0.652 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.117 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.439 |
| SCS-5 | 0.000 | 0.509 | 0.541 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.551 |
| SCS-6 | 0.646 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | –0.076 | 0.423 |
| SCS-7 | 0.000 | 0.309 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.810 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.751 |
| SCS-8 | 0.357 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.246 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.188 |
| SCS-9 | 0.000 | 0.438 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.354 | 0.000 | 0.317 |
| SCS-10 | 0.000 | 0.356 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.726 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.653 |
| SCS-11 | 0.448 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.592 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.552 |
| SCS-12 | 0.000 | 0.407 | 0.624 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.555 |
| SCS-13 | 0.682 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.398 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.624 |
| SCS-14 | 0.000 | 0.646 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.489 | 0.000 | 0.656 |
| SCS-15 | 0.000 | 0.741 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.149 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.571 |
| SCS-16 | 0.618 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.298 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.471 |
| SCS-17 | 0.000 | 0.706 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.308 | 0.000 | 0.593 |
| SCS-18 | 0.575 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.503 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.584 |
| SCS-19 | 0.000 | 0.542 | 0.729 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.825 |
| SCS-20 | 0.548 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.405 | 0.464 |
| SCS-21 | 0.538 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.383 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.436 |
| SCS-22 | 0.000 | 0.516 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.160 | 0.000 | 0.292 |
| SCS-23 | 0.000 | 0.654 | 0.147 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.449 |
| SCS-24 | 0.680 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.336 | 0.576 |
| SCS-25 | 0.708 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.077 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.508 |
| SCS-26 | 0.000 | 0.719 | 0.084 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.524 |
[i] Note. SK Self-Kindness. CH Common Humanity. MI Mindfulness. SJ Self-Judgement. IS Isolation. OI Over-Identification.
Table 5
Percentil (rank) norms for subscales.
| Self-compassionate responding SK+CH+MI | Self-uncompassionate responding SJ+IS+OI | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Score | Percentile rank (%) | Score | Percentile rank (%) |
| 11 | 0.3 | 12 | 0.3 |
| 12 | 0.3 | 13 | 0.3 |
| 13 | 0.3 | 14 | 0.4 |
| 14 | 0.4 | 15 | 0.8 |
| 15 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.9 |
| 16 | 0.9 | 17 | 1.3 |
| 17 | 1.3 | 18 | 1.9 |
| 18 | 1.9 | 19 | 2.5 |
| 19 | 2.5 | 20 | 4.1 |
| 20 | 4.1 | 21 | 5.3 |
| 21 | 5.3 | 22 | 7.8 |
| 22 | 7.8 | 23 | 10.2 |
| 23 | 10.2 | 24 | 12.6 |
| 24 | 12.6 | 25 | 15.8 |
| 25 | 15.8 | 26 | 19.2 |
| 26 | 19.2 | 27 | 22.7 |
| 27 | 22.7 | 28 | 26.7 |
| 28 | 26.7 | 29 | 31.2 |
| 29 | 31.2 | 30 | 36.2 |
| 30 | 36.2 | 31 | 40.5 |
| 31 | 40.5 | 32 | 44.9 |
| 32 | 44.9 | 33 | 49.7 |
| 33 | 49.7 | 34 | 54.2 |
| 34 | 54.2 | 35 | 59.1 |
| 35 | 59.1 | 36 | 63.6 |
| 36 | 63.6 | 37 | 68.0 |
| 37 | 68.0 | 38 | 72.1 |
| 38 | 72.1 | 39 | 76.3 |
| 39 | 76.3 | 40 | 78.9 |
| 40 | 78.9 | 41 | 82.6 |
| 41 | 82.6 | 42 | 85.1 |
| 42 | 85.1 | 43 | 87.9 |
| 43 | 87.9 | 44 | 90.2 |
| 44 | 90.2 | 45 | 92.4 |
| 45 | 92.4 | 46 | 94.5 |
| 46 | 94.5 | 47 | 95.9 |
| 47 | 95.9 | 48 | 97.1 |
| 48 | 97.1 | 49 | 97.7 |
| 49 | 97.7 | 50 | 98.1 |
| 50 | 98.1 | 51 | 98.9 |
| 51 | 98.9 | 52 | 99.3 |
| 52 | 99.3 | 53 | 99.4 |
| 53 | 99.4 | 54 | 99.7 |
| 54 | 99.7 | 55 | 100.0 |
| 55 | 100.0 | 56 | 100.0 |
| 57 | 100.0 | ||
| 58 | 100.0 | ||
| 59 | 100.0 | ||
| 60 | 100.0 | ||
[i] Note. SK Self-Kindness. CH Common Humanity. MI Mindfulness. SJ Self-Judgement. IS Isolation. OI Over-Identification.