Figure 1
Screenshot of part of the MANTO page of the Thracian hero Sarpedon, including the Wikidata link.13
Table 1
Overview of inclusion criteria for the Wikidata query.
| CODE | CRITERION TYPE | PROPERTY | VALUE(S) | NOTES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I1 | Temporal | P569 (birthdate) | 1501 BCE < x < 501 CE | |
| I2 | Temporal | P570 (deathdate) | 1501 BCE < x < 551 CE | |
| I3 [new] | Temporal | P1317 (floruit) | 1501 BCE < x < 551 CE | |
| I4 | Contextual | Various: all those having P31 (instance of) –> Q56248884 (Wikidata property related to the Ancient World) | Any | Having at least one property classified as related to the Ancient World. |
| I5 | Language spoken | P1412 (languages spoken, written or signed) | Q397 (Latin), Q35497 (Ancient Greek) | |
| I6 | Geopolitical | P27 (country of citizenship) | Q1747689 (Ancient Rome), Q42834 (Western Roman Empire); any item having P31 (instance of) –> Q148837 (polis), Q3932025 (Hellenistic kingdom) | Being a citizen of Ancient Rome and/or Western Roman Empire;21 and/or of an item classified as a polis and/or a Hellenistic kingdom. |
| I7 | Temporal/contextual | P2348 (time period) | Any item having P361 (part of) –> Q11772 (Ancient Greece), Q1747689 (Ancient Rome), Q105747718 (Greco-Roman Egypt), Q217050 (late antiquity) | Being associated with a time period that is, directly or indirectly, part of Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Greco-Roman Egypt, or Late Antiquity. |
| I8 | Source-based | P1343 (described by source) | Q1138524 (Pauly-Wissowa), Q47500198 (1870 Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology) | Described by Pauly–Wissowa and/or the 1870 Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. |
Table 2
Overview of exclusion criteria for the Wikidata query.
| CODE | EXCLUSION TYPE | PROPERTY | VALUE(S) | NOTES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E1 | Identifier | P497 (China Biographical Database Project), P9613 (ctext data entity ID) | Any | Appearing in China-related databases |
| E2 | Geopolitical | P27 (country of citizenship) | Any item having P31 (instance of) –> Q50068795 (historical Chinese state), and/or Q836688 (ancient Chinese state) [new] | Being a citizen of an item labelled as an ancient or historical Chinese state. |
| E3 | Cultural | P734 (family name) | Any item having P31 (instance of) –> Q1093580 (Chinese family name) | Having a family name classified as Chinese. |
| E4 | Geographical | P19 (place of birth) | Any item having P131 (located in the administrative territorial entity, directly or indirectly) –> Q148 (People’s Republic of China) | Being born in a place which is located in the People’s Republic of China. |
| E5 | Religious | P140 (religion or worldview) | Q9232 (Jainism) |
Figure 2
Metadata for the RE Wikisource entry of Europs 1,27 linking to the corresponding Wikidata item Europs (Q654037).
Figure 3
Word cloud showing the most represented Wikidata categories in our dataset (Subsets 1 and 2).
Table 3
The number of occurrences and unique attestations occurring in our corpus, per work, including and excluding non-human entities.
| AUTHOR_WORK | TOTAL_ATTESTATIONS | TOTAL_ATTESTATIONS_HUMAN | UNIQUE_ENTITIES | UNIQUE_ENTITIES_HUMAN |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ael_VH | 1,811 | 1,430 | 591 | 436 |
| Amm_Marc | 232 | 215 | 114 | 98 |
| Diog_Laert | 5,231 | 4,777 | 1,200 | 1,055 |
| Strabo | 1,830 | 1,000 | 245 | 148 |
| Cic_Tusc | 989 | 779 | 328 | 228 |
| Clem_Al_Strom | 3,040 | 1,921 | 781 | 462 |
| Tac_Hist | 790 | 789 | 131 | 130 |
| Gal_PHP | 1,172 | 1,016 | 98 | 55 |
| Origen_C_Cels | 4,018 | 2,969 | 309 | 133 |
| Plut_Mor_Quaest_conv | 1,333 | 894 | 392 | 255 |
| Lactant_Div_Inst | 760 | 441 | 171 | 103 |
| Plato_[Epist] | 367 | 347 | 71 | 56 |
| Sen_Ep | 198 | 184 | 75 | 63 |
| Apul_Apol | 707 | 634 | 177 | 135 |
| Arist_Metaph | 271 | 253 | 61 | 48 |
| Dion_Hal_Dem | 300 | 276 | 89 | 79 |
| Tert_De_anim | 573 | 429 | 208 | 132 |
| Pliny_NH | 1,183 | 906 | 368 | 259 |
Figure 4
Bar plot that shows how the linkable attestations are distributed between the RE and Wikidata.
Figure 5
Bar plot that shows how the linkable unique entities are distributed between the RE and Wikidata.
Table 4
The number of attestations and unique entities not covered by Wikidata or not linkable at all, distributed per work.
| AUTHOR_WORK | ATTESTATIONS_NO_WIKIDATA | ENTITIES_NO_WIKIDATA | NOT_LINKABLE_ATTESTATIONS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ael_VH | 67 | 49 | 14 |
| Amm_Marc | 26 | 16 | 2 |
| Diog_Laert | 505 | 340 | 174 |
| Strabo | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Cic_Tusc | 15 | 10 | 4 |
| Clem_Al_Strom | 43 | 42 | 15 |
| Tac_Hist | 73 | 35 | 0 |
| Gal_PHP | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Origen_C_Cels | 5 | 3 | 4 |
| Plut_Mor_Quaest_conv | 174 | 61 | 43 |
| Lactant_Div_Inst | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Plato_[Epist] | 21 | 7 | 14 |
| Sen_Ep | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apul_Apol | 326 | 32 | 32 |
| Arist_Metaph | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dion_Hal_Dem | 18 | 9 | 5 |
| Tert_De_anim | 12 | 8 | 9 |
| Pliny_NH | 14 | 11 | 2 |
Table 5
A sample of individuals not appearing in Wikidata and their relationship with well-known and represented people.
| RE LABEL | RELATIONSHIP | RELATIVE’S RE LABEL | RELATIVE’S WIKIDATA ITEM |
|---|---|---|---|
| Babys 3 | father of | Pherekydes 3 | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311485 |
| Bloson 2 | father of | Herakleitos 10 | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41155 |
| Damasos 6 | brother of | Demokritos 6 | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41980 |
| Exekestides 1 | father of | Solon 1 | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133337 |
| Gryllos 2 | father of | Xenophon 6 | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129772 |
| Peirithoos 3 | father of | Alkmaion 6 | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188332 |