Figure 1
Self-Monitoring according to the Perceptual Loop Model (Levelt, 1983, 1989).
Figure 2
Self-Monitoring according to the Conflict Monitoring Model (Nozari, Dell & Schwartz, 2011).
Figure 3
The Hierarchical State Feedback (HSFC) Model of Self-Monitoring.
Figure 4
The Forward Model account of Self-Monitoring. Sem is the semantic representation, Syn is the syntactic representation, and Phon is the phonological representation.
Figure 5
Hierarchical Conflict Model for Self- and Other Monitoring. Speech production and perception have separate words and phonemes, which are tightly connected via links. Arrows indicate the direction of processing.
Figure 6
Distributions of conflict at the lexical level (based on the difference between the two nodes with the highest activation) for trials that result in corrects (top panel) and semantic errors (bottom panel). Corrects based on 9,768 trials, semantic errors based on 216 trials.
Figure 7
Panels A and C. Reduction in semantic and all errors for each combination of gain and time steps for criterion values of 4.96 and 5.25 respectively. Negative bars mean that the intervention reduced number of errors. Panels B and D. Proportions of successfully repaired errors for each parameter combination.