Abstract
This paper presents a systematic literature review on advancements and applications of Finite Element Methods (FEM) and Laser Scanning Documentation (LSD) in Cultural Heritage Management. FEM is a numerical technique widely used in engineering and scientific disciplines for solving complex problems by dividing them into smaller, more manageable elements. LSD is a method for capturing and digitizing real-world objects and environments using laser scanning technology. The objective of this review is to explore recent advancements and diverse applications of FEM and LSD, as well as their combined utilization for enhanced analysis and documentation, and identify research gaps. Literature search was conducted systematically, covering research articles in the Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases. The review further investigates the integration of LSD with FEM, focusing on the use of laser scanning technologies for accurate geometry acquisition, mesh generation, and model validation in the field of Cultural Heritage. A total of 60 articles were identified, on which data analysis was performed using thematic analysis. As a result, seven thematic areas were identified: Structural Assessment, Cloud2FEM Methods, Modeling, Deformation, Techniques, Diagnostics and Digital Twins (DTs). The findings of this review demonstrate a limited range of applications where FEM and LSD have been successfully employed. The review identifies emerging trends and future directions in the field and techniques to optimize FEM simulations and enhance LSD data processing. It provides a comprehensive overview of advancements and applications of FEM and LSD and identifies the need for further research, especially in integration of FEM and LSD in cultural heritage documentation.