Figure 1
Sagittal T1-weighted TSE image showing cerebellar tonsils below the level of the foramen magnum.
Table 1
Comparison Of The Relative Frequency Of Cerebellar Tonsil Ectopia According To Severity.
| EXTENT | HEADACHE SEVERITY | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MILD | MODERATE | SEVERE | ||
| Ectopia | <3 mm | 172 (7.7%) | 1859 (83.5%) | 195 (8.8%) |
| 3–5 mm | 4 (8.7%) | 36 (78.3%) | 6 (13.0%) | |
| >5 mm | 3 (9.1%) | 25 (75.8%) | 5 (15.2%) | |
| Total | 179 (7.8%) | 1920 (83.3%) | 206 (8.9%) | |
Table 2
Comparison Of Ectopic Frequency Of Cerebellar Tonsils According To Time.
| EXTENT | HEADACHE PERIOD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACUTE | SUBACUTE | CHRONIC | ||
| Ectopia | <3 mm | 284 (12.8%) | 1558 (70.0%) | 384 (17.3%) |
| 3–5 mm | 16 (34.8%) | 18 (39.1%) | 12 (26.1%) | |
| >5 mm | 23 (69.7%) | 5 (15.2%) | 5 (15.2%) | |
| Total | 323 (14.0%) | 1581 (68.6%) | 401 (17.4%) | |
Table 3
Comparison Of The Frequency Of Ectopia Of Cerebellar Tonsils According To Location Of Headache.
| EXTENT | LOCATION | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FULL HEAD | OCCIPUT | FRONTAL | OTHER | ||
| Ectopia | <3 mm | 1072 (48.2%) | 274 (12.3%) | 690 (31.0%) | 190 (8.5%) |
| 3–5 mm | 17 (37.0%) | 18 (39.1%) | 8 (17.4%) | 3 (6.5%) | |
| >5 mm | 2 (6.1%) | 29 (87.9%) | 1 (3.0%) | 1 (3.0%) | |
| Total | 1091 (47.3%) | 321 (13.9%) | 699 (30.3%) | 194 (8.4%) | |
Table 4
Comparison Of Frequency Of Ectopia Condition According To Exacerbation By Valsalva Maneuver.
| EXTENT | EXACERBATION BY VALSALVA MANEUVER | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| NEGATIVE | POSITIVE | ||
| Ectopia | <3 mm | 1930 (86.7%) | 296 (13.3%) |
| 3–5 mm | 20 (43.5%) | 26 (56.5%) | |
| >5 mm | 6 (18.2%) | 27 (81.8%) | |
| Total | 1956 (84.9%) | 349 (15.1%) | |
Table 5
Accompanying Clinical Symptoms with Headache.
| ECTOPIA | NAUSEA | PHOTOPHOBIA | PHONOPHOBIA | SPEECH DISORDER | VERTIGO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <3 mm | Negative | 1514 (68.0%) | 1915 (86.0%) | 1950 (87.6%) | 2104 (94.5%) | 1825 (82.0%) |
| Positive | 712 (32.0%) | 311 (14.0%) | 276 (12.4%) | 122 (5.5%) | 401(18.0%) | |
| 3–5 mm | Negative | 32 (69.6%) | 41 (89.1%) | 41 (89.1%) | 43 (93.5%) | 38 (82.6%) |
| Positive | 14 (30.4%) | 5 (10.9%) | 5 (10.9%) | 3 (6.5%) | 8 (17.4%) | |
| >5 mm | Negative | 19 (57.6%) | 25 (75.8%) | 31 (93.9%) | 30 (90.9%) | 8 (24.2%) |
| Positive | 14 (42.4%) | 324 (14.1%) | 283 (12.3%) | 3 (9.1%) | 25 (75.8%) | |