Table 1
Descriptive statistics – Experiment 1.
| JimJam + Self (n = 67) | Ben + Self (n = 63) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | 95% CI | M (SD) | 95% CI | |
| IAT score before manipulation | 0.27 (0.48) | [0.15; 0.39] | 0.27 (0.50) | [0.15; 0.40] |
| IAT score after manipulation | 0.23 (0.56) | [0.10; 0.36] | 0.38 (0.52) | [0.25; 0.52] |
| IAT score – Time 2 | 0.23 (0.56) | [0.10; 0.36] | 0.43 (0.49) | [0.30; 0.57] |
| Explicit Affective Attitude – Time 1 | –0.03 (0.84) | [–0.27; 0.22] | 0.03 (1.15) | [–0.22; 0.28] |
| Explicit Utilitarian Attitude – Time 1 | –0.02 (0.99) | [–0.27; 0.22] | 0.02 (1.02) | [–0.23; 0.28] |
| Explicit Affective Attitude – Time 2 | –0.02 (0.84) | [–0.26; 0.23] | 0.02 (1.15) | [–0.23; 0.27] |
| Explicit Utilitarian Attitude – Time 2 | –0.06 (0.99) | [–0.31; 0.18] | 0.07 (1.01) | [–0.18; 0.32] |
| Self-prime Facilitation | –2.71 (44.68) | [–14.39; 8.97] | 18.98 (51.90) | [6.94; 31.03] |
| Other-prime Facilitation | –0.62 (41.44) | [–10.57; 9.33] | 8.02 (40.89) | [–18.28; 2.25] |
| Neutral-prime Facilitation | 1.81(35.99) | [–6.97; 10.59] | 3.04 (36.67) | [–6.02; 12.09] |
| Unconditional Facilitation | –0.51 (31.51) | [–7.92; 6.90] | 4.67 (29.69) | [–2.97; 12.31] |
[i] Note: Sequential priming task scores are indicated in milliseconds.
For all criteria, all positive scores indicate a preference for Ben compared to JimJam.
Table 2
Correlations – Experiment 1.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Experimental Condition (SR) | 1 | |||||||||||||
| 2. IAT score before manipulation | 0.01 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| 3. IAT score after manipulation | 0.15 | 0.58** | 1 | |||||||||||
| 4. IAT score Time 2 | 0.19* | 0.54** | 0.66** | 1 | ||||||||||
| 5. IAT2_T1-IAT1_T1 | 0.16 | –0.36** | 0.55** | 0.20* | 1 | |||||||||
| 6. IAT1_T2-IAT1_T1 | 0.20* | –0.40** | 0.14 | 0.56** | 0.57** | 1 | ||||||||
| 7. Explicit Affective Attitude Time 1 | 0.03 | 0.20* | 0.30** | 0.22* | 0.14 | 0.04 | 1 | |||||||
| 8. Explicit Utilitarian Attitude Time 1 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 1 | ||||||
| 9. Explicit Affective Attitude Time 2 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.31** | 0.23** | 0.20* | 0.11 | 0.74** | 0.04 | 1 | |||||
| 10. Explicit Utilitarian Attitude Time 2 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.06 | –0.04 | 0.05 | 0.64** | 0.00 | 1 | ||||
| 11. Self-prime Facilitation | 0.22* | 0.11 | 0.24** | 0.20* | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.19* | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 1 | |||
| 12. Other- prime Facilitation | –0.09 | 0.08 | –0.07 | 0.03 | –0.15 | –0.04 | 0.00 | 0.04 | –0.02 | 0.01 | 0.22* | 1 | ||
| 13. Neutral- prime Facilitation | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.01 | –0.06 | 0.08 | 0.34** | 0.31** | 1 | |
| 14. Unconditional accessibility | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.18* | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.77** | 0.69** | 0.72** | 1 |
[i] Note: ** p < 0.01. * p < 0.05. + p < 0.10.
IAT2T1_IAT1T1 = difference between IAT before and after the manipulation at time 1, IAT1T2_IAT1T1 = difference between the first IAT at time 1 and the IAT at time 2.
Figure 1
The estimated model of relations between self-referencing manipulation, self-prime facilitation, IAT and affective ratings at Time 1 and Time 2.
Table 3
Descriptive statistics – Experiment 2.
| Lestea + Self (n = 119) | Sabea + Self (n = 124) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | 95% CI | M (SD) | 95% CI | |
| IAT score – Time 1 | –0.08 (0.46) | [–0.17; 0.00] | –0.40 (0.46) | [–0.48; –0.32] |
| IAT score – Time 2 | –0.16 (0.58) | [–0.26; –0.06] | –0.43 (0.49) | [–0.53; –0.34] |
| Explicit Attitude – Time 1 | –0.23 (0.99) | [–0.41; –0.05] | –0.29 (1.03) | [–0.46; –0.11] |
| Explicit Attitude – Time 1 | –0.19 (1.07) | [–0.40; 0.00] | –0.31 (1.09) | [–0.50; –0.11] |
| Food choice – Time 1 | 3.44 (1.48) | [3.17; 3.71] | 3.11 (1.51) | [2.85; 3.38] |
| Food choice – Time 2 | 3.45 (1.52) | [3.18; 3.73] | 3.06 (1.50) | [2.79; 3.32] |
[i] Note: For all criteria, all positive scores indicate a preference for Lestea compared to Sabea.
Table 4
Correlations – Experiment 2.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Experimental Condition (SR) | 1 | ||||||
| 2. IAT score – Time 1 | 0.33** | 1 | |||||
| 3. IAT score – Time 2 | 0.25** | 0.58** | 1 | ||||
| 4. Explicit Attitude – Time 1 | 0.03 | 0.26** | 0.34** | 1 | |||
| 5. Explicit Attitude – Time 1 | 0.05 | 0.27** | 0.33** | 0.53** | 1 | ||
| 6. Food choice – Time 1 | 0.11 | 0.33** | 0.33** | 0.49** | 0.36** | 1 | |
| 7. Food choice – Time 2 | 0.13* | 0.28** | 0.30** | 0.39** | 0.49** | 0.51** | 1 |
[i] Note: ** p < 0.01. * p < 0.05.
Figure 2
Full model for Experiment 2.