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When the Underdog Apologizes: The Role of Intergroup Apologies in Historical Intergroup Conflicts Cover

When the Underdog Apologizes: The Role of Intergroup Apologies in Historical Intergroup Conflicts

By:   
Open Access
|Apr 2026

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Regression coefficients of sincerity and typicality when regressed on forgiveness and trust.

βPR2
Forgiveness0.365
    Sincerity0.54<0.001
    Typicality0.130.090
Trust0.289
    Sincerity0.290.003
    Typicality0.35<0.001
Figure 1

Forgiveness and trust in the perpetrator as a function of the perceived sincerity of the apology.

Table 2

Means and standard deviations of forgiveness and trust as a function of sincerity and typicality.

APOLOGY (N = 87)NO APOLOGY
HIGH SINCERITY (N= 46)LOW SINCERITY (N= 41)HIGH TYPICALITY (N= 50)LOW TYPICALITY (N= 37)(N = 91)
MSDMSDMSDMSDMSD
Forgiveness4.180.573.470.783.960.683.690.843.740.93
Trust3.170.782.500.643.080.772.550.712.560.69
Figure 2

Forgiveness and trust in the perpetrator as a function of the typicality of the apologizing representatives.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.1157 | Journal eISSN: 2397-8570
Language: English
Page range: 3 - 3
Submitted on: Oct 4, 2025
Accepted on: Mar 10, 2026
Published on: Apr 8, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2026 Alin Semenescu, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.