Table 1
Study propositions based on theoretical underpinnings that participation can support personal recovery in Flexible Assertive Community Treatment.
| Supportive | 1. The FACT model contributes positively to participants’ participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
| 2. Team members building relationships with service users enable participants’ participation in everyday life and personal recovery. | |
| 3. Focus areas 1–3, and 7 are most important in supporting participation in everyday life and personal recovery. | |
| Rival | 4. In addition to FACT, service users receive further care and support contributing to their participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
| 5. Participants’ personal circumstances changed, increasing participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
Table 2
Detailed description of data sources used in a case study of participation and personal recovery in Flexible Assertive Community Treatment.
| DATA SOURCES | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| Focus groups (n = 2) | One focus group with FACT team 1 and FACT team 2 respectively (2020). Focus group 1: Psychiatrist, two social workers, two carers, medical secretary, head of unit, two Social Service coordinators. Focus group 2: Psychiatrist, nurse, social worker, occupational therapist, peer supporter, work specialist, four Social Service coordinators. |
| FACT fidelity assessment (n = 10) | Five FACT fidelity assessments for FACT team 1 and FACT team 2 respectively (2020-2024), including fidelity reports and team documents. |
| Interviews (n = 8) | Eight interviews with FACT team members from both teams in pairs and triads (2024). Interview 1.1: Two Social Service coordinators Interview 1.2: Nurse, two carers Interview 1.3: Psychologist, social worker Interview 1.4: Psychiatrist, nurse, medical secretary Interview 1.5: Two occupational therapists, social worker Interview 2.1: Two Social Service coordinators Interview 2.2: Psychologist, nurse Interview 2.3: Work specialist, peer supporter |
Figure 1
The analytical process used in a case study of participation and personal recovery in Flexible Assertive Community Treatment.
**[29].
Figure 2
Critical components supporting participation and personal recovery in Flexible Assertive Community Treatment, from a service delivery perspective.
Table 3
Critical components related to participation and personal recovery in Flexible Assertive Community Treatment in relation to its focus areas.
| 1. FLEXIBLE CARE | 2. PERSONAL DOMAIN | 3. PARTICIPATION DOMAIN | 4. SYMPTOMATIC DOMAIN | 5. PLANNING AND MONITORING | 6. CRISIS AND SAFETY | 7. NETWORK COLLABORATION | 8. QUALITY AND INNOVATION | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placing service users at the centre through an integrated multiprofessional team | ||||||||
| Working together with Social Services | X | X | X | |||||
| Bridging the gap between networks | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| Establishing clear structures and documentation | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| Targeting service users’ needs through continuity and flexibility | ||||||||
| Adapting intensity | X | X | X | |||||
| Providing available and persistent efforts | X | X | X | X | ||||
| Shifting focus to everyday contexts | X | X | ||||||
| Empowering service users in their everyday life | ||||||||
| Building relationships | X | |||||||
| Focusing on needs and strengths | X | X | ||||||
| Promoting empowerment | X | X | X | X | ||||
| Addressing stigma and self-stigma | X | |||||||
Table 4
Summary of results related to participation and personal recovery in Flexible Assertive Community Treatment and clinical implications.
| PROPOSITIONS | RESULTS | CRITICAL COMPONENTS | CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Supportive | |||
| 1. The FACT model contributes positively to participants’ participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
|
| Care and support should be based on flexible, multiprofessional, and integrated teams. |
| 2. Team members building relationships with service users enable participants’ participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
|
| Develop strategies to build and maintain relationships with service users. |
| 3. Focus areas 1-3, and 7 are most important in supporting participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
|
| Embrace multiprofessional perspectives and maintain direct contact links. Adopt a recovery-oriented culture at the team-level and prioritise building strong supportive relationships with service users. Together with service users, pinpoint activities in everyday life to include in care plans. Build strong networks on team-level, while supporting service users creating individuals’ networks. |
| Rival | |||
| 4. In addition to FACT, service users receive further care and support contributing to their participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
|
| Build strong networks based on service users’ needs. |
| 5. Participants’ personal circumstances changed, increasing participation in everyday life and personal recovery. |
|
| Build relationships with service users and pinpoint activities in everyday life to include in care plans. |