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Patients’ Experiences of the Western HealthLinks Integrated Care Chronic Illness Management Program: A Prospective Mixed-Methods Observational Cohort Study Cover

Patients’ Experiences of the Western HealthLinks Integrated Care Chronic Illness Management Program: A Prospective Mixed-Methods Observational Cohort Study

Open Access
|Sep 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Flow chart illustrating patient enrolment in the Western HealthLinks program over time and the number who completed at least one component of the study questionnaire at each time point.

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of patients who completed at least one patient survey.

CHARACTERISTICNUMBER (AND PERCENTAGE)
Gender*
      Female487 (46.7%)
      Male555 (53.3%)
Age
      <46 years28 (2.7%)
      46–65 years160 (15.4%)
      66–75 years295 (28.3%)
      76–85 years374 (35.9%)
      86–95 years169 (16.2%)
      >95 years16 (1.5%)
Country of Birth (with >1.5% of population)
      Australia490 (47%)
      Malta93 (8.9%)
      United Kingdom74 (7.1%)
      Italy69 (6.6%)
      Germany27 (2.6%)
      Croatia26 (2.5%)
      Greece26 (2.5%)
      Ireland16 (1.5%)
      Yugoslavia/Macedonia15 (1.4%)
      Philippines15 (1.4%)
      Poland15 (1.4%)
      Scotland15 (1.4%)
      New Zealand12 (1.2%)
      Others (<1.1% per country)149 (14.3%)

[i] *Gender as per medical record data.

Figure 2

Visual Analogue Scale measuring healthcare experience – medians, quartiles and extreme values at different timepoints.

Figure 3

AQoL4D measuring health related quality of life – medians, quartiles and extreme values at different timepoints.

Figure 4

Trend over time for health related quality life measured with AQoL4D and AQoL4D dimensions – effect size estimates.

Table 2

Selected participant responses to patient survey organised by theme.

PARTICIPANT NUMBERTIMEQUESTIONPARTICIPANT RESPONSE TO:
QUESTION 1 – “WHAT WORKS WELL WITH THE HEALTHCARE YOU RECEIVE?”
QUESTION 2 – “WHAT DOESN’T WORK WELL WITH THE HEALTHCARE YOU RECEIVE?”
QUESTION 3 – “WHAT COULD BE DONE TO IMPROVE THE HEALTHCARE YOU RECEIVE?”
Theme 1 – Home care/local services
6812 monthsQuestion 1“It works well for me because nurses come to me at home. The pharmacy deliver the medication. I visit my GP when needed.”
179BaselineQuestion 2“It would be a comfort if I could telephone a health worker for advice if needed.”
142BaselineQuestion 3“Closer facilities for appointments”
Theme 2 – Access to hospital services
1226 monthsQuestion 1“Critical hospital care, access to medical services”
124BaselineQuestion 2“I need an operation and I cant get into the speacialist to be reviewed.”
18018 monthsQuestion 3“I think it would be nice to have more often access to the specialists”
Theme 3 – Individualisation of care
222BaselineQuestion 1“An understanding of my needs, appropriate medication. Appropriate healthcare plan.”
2286 monthsQuestion 2“We have had no problems except for the meals during hospital stay. No real consideration for previous health issue of gastrectomy”
12212 monthsQuestion 3“Age specific exercise and diet programs (I’m not 80 years old)”
Theme 4 – Coordination of care
12612 monthsQuestion 1“The availability of a nurse who has my history on hand and ability to contact the local GP and relevant hospital personnel with background knowledge”
31412 monthsQuestion 2“Because I see so many doctors information from a department to the others is not happening thus the doctors find it hard to treat me.”
58BaselineQuestion 3“Everyone is good except there is overlapping of services & no-one talks to each other. E.g-Xray done already but in hospital they do again.”
Theme 5 – Consistency of care
20324 monthsQuestion 1“Consistent people who know me & my medical problems”
10BaselineQuestion 2“Seeing GPs who are unfamiliar to me that are unable to make changes or assist”
1966 monthsQuestion 3“Have one case manager per client”
Theme 6 – Communication
1896 monthsQuestion 1“All nurses/Gps advising what will happen, why I’m taking the tablets
44BaselineQuestion 2“Having multiple health professionals at bedside with no introductions & no communication from team to patient.”
45BaselineQuestion 3“Less bombarding with information is needed. Introduction at bedside very important.”
Theme 7 – Waiting times
17924 monthsQuestion 1“When I needed phone advice it was available immediately.”
26012 monthsQuestion 2“Going to emergency and waiting for up to 12 hrs or so with uncomfortable chairs”
1516 monthsQuestion 3“Improve the waiting times in hospital. Recently I waited 2 hours on a ambulance stretcher with 3 ambos waiting with me, what a joke if I moved I could of topped over, they are so narrow.”
Theme 8 – Healthcare provider qualities
122BaselineQuestion 1“All healthcare workers are professional. Caring and positive regarding my care.”
8BaselineQuestion 2“GP lack of understanding and lack of compassion”
4524 monthsQuestion 3“Patients and understanding.”
Theme 9 – Transport and parking
30912 monthsQuestion 1“Community transport (link) to various needs. E.g. Hospitals. Specialist- shopping. Visiting family and friends. 1/2 taxi fare, free Ambulance as required. For emergencies.”
6824 monthsQuestion 2“Well I need transport to take me to appointments and so far I have to depend on taxis or a friend to take me”
496 monthsQuestion 3“More parking for disabled at hospitals”
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.8980 | Journal eISSN: 1568-4156
Language: English
Page range: 14 - 14
Submitted on: Sep 2, 2024
Accepted on: Aug 25, 2026
Published on: Sep 7, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Julia L. Jones, Kirsty Barnes, Catherine Grant, Jason Plant, Natalie G. Lumsden, Koen Simons, Edward D. Janus, Craig L. Nelson, Ann Allenby, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.