Table 1
Characteristics of participating patients and healthcare professionals.
| PARAMETERS | HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS (n = 9) | PATIENTS (n = 8) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex n (%) | |||
| Male | 6 (67%) | 3 (38%) | |
| Female | 3 (33%) | 5 (62%) | |
| Age n (%) | 42 (30–64) | 63 (49–73) | |
| 30–39 | 5 (56%) | – | |
| 40–49 | 3 (33%) | 1 (13%) | |
| 50–59 | 1 (11%) | 2 (25%) | |
| 60–69 | – | 2 (25%) | |
| 70–79 | – | 3 (37%) | |
| Work n (%) | |||
| Employed | 4 (50%) | ||
| Retired | 4 (50%) | ||
| Living situation | |||
| Alone | 2 (25%) | ||
| Living together with partner | 5 (62%) | ||
| Living with children | 1 (13%) | ||
| Function | |||
| Participant 1 | General practitioner | ||
| Participant 2 | Physician assistant | ||
| Participant 3 | Orthopedic surgeon | ||
| Participant 4 | Psychologist | ||
| Participant 5 | Specialized nurse | ||
| Participant 6 | Rehabilitation physician | ||
| Participant 7 | Physiotherapist | ||
| Participant 8 | Orthopedic surgeon | ||
| Participant 9 | Physiotherapist | ||
Table 2
Code tree.
| CODES | SUBTHEMES | THEMES |
|---|---|---|
| Healthcare professionals | ||
| Diagnosis confusing to other healthcare professionals | Barriers to diagnosis | Diagnostics |
| GP refers too easily | ||
| Orthopedic referral | Needs diagnostics | |
| Imaging for reassurance (MRI, X-ray) | ||
| Ask about knee complaints | ||
| Questionnaires as a supplement | ||
| Expectations of patient diagnostics | Expectations diagnostics | |
| Challenge conversation about adjusting lifestyle | Barriers to conversation with patient | Conversation, information seeking, and care pathway |
| Patients need surgery | ||
| Shift in care (social changes) | ||
| Healthcare costs are high/handle with care | ||
| Patient has different expectations | ||
| Stigma referring dietitian | ||
| Too little time to discuss lifestyle advice | ||
| Mapping activity level | Patient’s experiences in conversation | |
| Discussing rules of life/reassuring the patient | ||
| Keep doing sports | ||
| Work sometimes negotiable | ||
| Daily activities | ||
| Lifestyle advice important | ||
| Patient confidence | Promotional conversation with the patient | |
| Request for help central | ||
| Discuss interventions clearly | ||
| Patients are satisfied | ||
| Refer to physical therapy | ||
| Feels responsible for patient | ||
| Knowledge/no knowledge of ICF | Experiences integral vision on health | Knowledge and skills of the integral vision on health |
| Information by referral | ||
| Discussing patient barriers | ||
| Yes/no time to discuss participation | ||
| Asks for participation | ||
| Patients see many healthcare professionals | Barriers integral vision on health | |
| Lifestyle advice belongs to another healthcare professional | ||
| Little time for other topics of conversation | ||
| Knowledge expertise healthcare professionals | Collaboration needs | Perceived collaboration and support from healthcare professionals |
| Referral to other healthcare professionals must be clear | ||
| Generic work | ||
| Time investment | Barriers to cooperation | |
| Contact with healthcare professionals helpful/difficult | ||
| Finding each other difficult | ||
| Not knowing what the other person does/expertise | ||
| Knowledge of each other’s expertise | Collaboration needs | |
| Measuring quality of care is necessary | ||
| Accreditation required | Education expectations | Conditions of training for healthcare professionals |
| Healthcare professionals work more generically | ||
| Share substantive knowledge | Need training | |
| Gain knowledge of the whole care path | ||
| More interdisciplinary work | ||
| Expand the network of healthcare professionals | ||
| Time investment | Wishes for education | |
| Patients | ||
| Need for diagnostics (MRI, X-ray) | Needs diagnostics | Diagnostics |
| Broad view by orthopedist | ||
| Diagnosis confusing to other healthcare professionals | Barriers to diagnosis | |
| Multiple visits to the doctor are necessary | Experiences in diagnostics | |
| Orthopedic referral | ||
| Knee complaints | ||
| Would like MRI/diagnosis | Expectations diagnostics | |
| Challenge of adjusting lifestyle | Experiences conversation | Conversation, information seeking, and care pathway |
| Satisfied/dissatisfied with healthcare professional | ||
| Discuss participation/work | ||
| Everything is negotiable | ||
| Asking for help is central | ||
| Purchased tools myself | ||
| Activity level | Need conversation | |
| Physical therapy referral | ||
| Discuss rules of life | ||
| Advice regarding participation/sport | ||
| What interventions are possible | ||
| Intervention advice | ||
| Patient trust about healthcare professional | Barriers conversation | |
| Does not want a dietitian referral | ||
| Anxiety intervention | ||
| Healthcare costs | ||
| Different expectations than healthcare professional | ||
| Discuss rules of life | Information provision | |
| Lifestyle advice | ||
| Seek help yourself online | ||
| Different healthcare professionals say something different | Barrier information | |
| Broad view by orthopedist | Need for an integral vision on health | Knowledge and skills of the integral vision on health |
| Lifestyle/participation advice | ||
| Expectation of knee diagnosis | Experiences integral vision on health | |
| Orthopedic surgeon knows what he is saying | ||
| Physical therapist paid attention | ||
| Need for an X-ray | ||
| Referral to healthcare professional is well arranged | Experiences of healthcare professionals | Perceived collaboration and support from healthcare |
| General practitioner refers late | Barriers to healthcare professionals | |
| Physical therapy costs | ||
[i] Abbreviations: ICF = International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, MRI = Magnetic resonance imaging.