Impact of a Pilot Project for Integrated Care on Hospitalization Rate among Older Adults in South Korea

Figures & Tables

General characteristics of study subjects.

VARIABLES		PRE-PSM				SD	POST-PSM		SD
		OLDER ADULTS WHO PARTICIPATED IN PILOT PROJECT		OLDER ADULTS WHO DID NOT PARTICIPATED IN PILOT PROJECT			OLDER ADULTS WHO DID NOT PARTICIPATED IN PILOT PROJECT
		N	%	N	%		N	%
Total		17,801	20.7	3,003,085	100.0		68,145	79.3
Sex						0.314			–0.037
	Men	5,318	29.9	1,347,429	44.9		19,218	28.2
	Women	12,483	70.1	1,655,656	55.1		48,927	71.8
Age (mean ± standard deviation)		79.8	6.6	72.6	7.7	1.008	79.9	6.8	–0.004
Household Income						0.314			–0.037
	Q1 (Lowest)	5,039	28.3	172,117	5.7		18,435	27.1
	Q2	2,787	15.7	563,815	18.8		10,468	15.4
	Q3	2,253	12.7	489,602	16.3		8,425	12.4
	Q4	2,422	13.6	651,630	21.7		9,169	13.5
	Q5 (Highest)	5,300	29.8	1,082,021	36.0		21,648	31.8
Grade of long-term care insurance						0.385			0.055
	1–2 grade	224	1.3	50,986	1.7		686	1.0
	3–5 grade and cognition support grade	2,830	15.9	197,005	6.6		9,684	14.2
	None	14,747	82.8	2,755,094	91.7		57,775	84.8
History of Inpatients						0.445			0.030
	Yes	7,833	44.0	704,234	23.5		28,965	42.5
	No	9,968	56.0	2,298,851	76.5		39,180	57.5
Disability						0.385			0.055
	Yes	5,259	29.5	418,805	13.9		18,443	27.1
	No	12,542	70.5	2,584,280	86.1		49,702	72.9
Psychiatric diseases						0.445			0.023
	Yes	7,312	41.1	630,002	21.0		27,210	39.9
	No	10,489	58.9	2,373,083	79.0		40,935	60.1
CCI						0.314			–0.037
	0	1,917	10.8	850,742	28.3		7,198	10.6
	1	2,924	16.4	698,596	23.3		11,634	17.1
	2	2,999	16.8	526,164	17.5		11,925	17.5
	3	2,731	15.3	356,147	11.9		10,801	15.9
	4	2,304	12.9	230,398	7.7		8,758	12.9
	5	1,739	9.8	141,107	4.7		6,353	9.3
	6≤	3,187	17.9	199,931	6.7		11,476	16.8
Living alone						0.706			0.001
	Yes	10,215	57.4	736,471	24.5		39,104	57.4
	No	7,586	42.6	2,251,200	75.0		29,041	42.6

[i] Abbreviation. PSM: propensity score matching, SD: standardized difference, CCI: Charlson’s comorbidity index.

The results for changes of hospital admission rates by participation of pilot project for integrated care.

SUBJECTS	N	PRE-REGISTRATION		POST-REGISTRATION		PRE-POST DIFFERENCES		DID
SUBJECTS	N	N	%	N	%	%P	P-VALUE	OR (95% CI)	P-VALUE
Older adults who participated in pilot project	17,801	7,006	39.4	6,091	34.2	–5.2	<.001	0.88 (0.84–0.91)	<.001
Comparison group	68,145	20,940	30.7	19,676	28.9	–1.8	<.001	0.88 (0.84–0.91)	<.001

[i] Abbreviation. LTCI: long-term care insurance, STD: standard deviation, DID: difference-in-differences.

The results for changes of hospital admission rates by subgroups in pilot project for integrated care.

TYPE	SUBJECTS	N	PRE-REGISTRATION		POST-REGISTRATION		PRE-POST DIFFERENCES		DID
TYPE	SUBJECTS	N	N	%	N	%	%P	P-VALUE	OR (95% CI)	P-VALUE
Older adults who utilized LTCI services	Older adults who participated in pilot project	2,226	910	40.9	872	39.2	–1.7	0.179	0.93 (0.83–1.05)	0.238
Older adults who utilized LTCI services	Comparison group	8,181	3,081	37.7	3,063	37.4	–0.3	0.726	0.93 (0.83–1.05)	0.238
Older adults who applied for LTCI but were rejected or were intensive care group of customized care services for older adults	Older adults who participated in pilot project	1,675	575	34.3	553	33.0	–1.3	0.362	1.09 (0.95–1.26)	0.229
	Comparison group	6,400	1,961	30.6	1,791	28.0	–2.6	<.001	1.09 (0.95–1.26)	0.229
Patients who discharged from medical institution	Older adults who participated in pilot project	1,895	1,668	88.0	876	46.2	–41.8	<.001	0.17 (0.15–0.20)	<.001
Patients who discharged from medical institution	Comparison group	7,175	2,972	41.4	2,317	32.3	–9.1	<.001	0.17 (0.15–0.20)	<.001

[i] Abbreviation. LTCI: long-term care insurance, STD: standard deviation, DID: difference-in-differences.