
Figure 1
No buffer (situation A), a buffer without buffer management (situation B) and a buffer with buffer management (situation C); bb, bed blocker; Q, queue.

Figure 2
Conditions for cooperation.
Table 1
A framework of a multi-level strategy (including examples of interventions) to promote cooperation in order to allow for BM
| Strategies | Interventions | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Macro level | Meso level | Micro level | |
| Negotiating strategy | Convincing politicians to provide incentives for cooperation | Promoting chain perspective | Promoting chain perspective |
| Budget negotiations with care insurers or health authorities | Appointment chain manager | Appointment chain manager | |
| Drafting and signing agreements | |||
| Learning strategy | Finding and using additional financial sources | Finding and using additional financial sources | Finding and using additional financial sources |
| Developing common goals and adherence | Developing common goals and adherence | ||
| Setting up and using virtual network | Using virtual network | ||
