References
- 1GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020 Oct 17; 396(10258): 1223–1249. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2
- 2Apte JS, Brauer M, Cohen AJ, Ezzati M, Pope CA. Ambient PM2.5 Reduces Global and Regional Life Expectancy. Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2018; 5(9): 546–51. DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00360
- 3Eagle KA, Riles E, Brook R. CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS The Air Quality Index: A Tool for Managing Patients with Cardiopulmonary Disease CLINICAL CASE FOLLOW-UP. 2011.
www.airnow.gov (accessed 7 September 2019). - 4Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA
3rd , et al. Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: An update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010; 121(21): 2331–78. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1 - 5Newby DE, Mannucci PM, Tell GS, et al. Expert position paper on air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J. 2015; 36(2): 83–93.
https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehu458 (accessed 5 August 2019). - 6Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi SG, Brook RD. Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 72(17): 2054–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.099
- 7Shah ASV, Lee KK, McAllister DA, et al. Short term exposure to air pollution and stroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015; 350. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h1295
- 8Schraufnagel DE, Balmes JR, Cowl CT, et al. Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases: A Review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies’ Environmental Committee, Part 2: Air Pollution and Organ Systems. Chest. 2019; 155(2): 417–26.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30419237 . DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.042 (accessed 25 May 2019). - 9Liu C, Chen R, Sera F, et al. Ambient Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Mortality in 652 Cities. N Engl J Med. 2019; 381(8): 705–15. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1817364
- 10Yusuf S, Joseph P, Rangarajan S, et al. Modifiable risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 155 722 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): A prospective cohort study. Lancet; 2019. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32008-2
- 11Kaufman JD, Adar SD, Barr RG, et al. Association between air pollution and coronary artery calcification within six metropolitan areas in the USA (the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution): A longitudinal cohort study. Lancet; 2016; 388(10045): 696–704.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673616003780?via%3Dihub . DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.09.013 (accessed 24 November 2017). - 12Münzel T, Gori T, Al-Kindi S, et al. Effects of gaseous and solid constituents of air pollution on endothelial function. Eur. Heart J. 2018; 39(38): 3543–50. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy481
- 13Pappin AJ, Christidis T, Pinault LL, et al. Examining the Shape of the Association between Low Levels of Fine Particulate Matter and Mortality across Three Cycles of the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2019; 127(10): 107008. DOI: 10.1289/EHP5204 (accessed 9 November 2019).
- 14Reid CE, Brauer M, Johnston FH, et al. Critical review of health impacts of wildfire smoke exposure. Environ Health Perspect. 2016; 124(9). DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409277
- 15Bennett JE, Tamura-Wicks H, Parks RM, et al. Particulate matter air pollution and national and county life expectancy loss in the USA: A spatiotemporal analysis. PLOS Med. 2019; 16(7):
e1002856 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002856 (accessed 9 November 2019). - 16Pope CA
3rd , Ezzati M, Dockery DW. Fine-particulate air pollution and life expectancy in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2009; 360(4): 376–86. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsa0805646 - 17Kar A, Pachauri S, Bailis R, Zerriffi H. Using sales data to assess cooking gas adoption and the impact of India’s Ujjwala programme in rural Karnataka. Nat Energy; 2019. DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0429-8
- 18Chen R, Zhao A, Chen H, et al. Cardiopulmonary benefits of reducing indoor particles of outdoor origin: A randomized, double-blind crossover trial of air purifiers. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015; 65(21): 2279–87. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.03.553
- 19Riles E, Brook R. The air quality index: A tool for managing patients with cardiopulmonary disease. Am. J. Med. 2011; 124(8): 705–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.02.034
- 20Radisic S, Bruce Newbold K. Factors influencing health care and service providers’ and their respective ‘at risk’ populations’ adoption of the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI): A qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016; 16(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12913-016-1355-0
- 21Hadley MB, Baumgartner J, Vedanthan R. Developing a clinical approach to air pollution and cardiovascular health. Circulation. 2018; 137(7): 725–42. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030377