Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Risk of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) in Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Patients: A Thai PCI Registry-Based Cohort Study Cover

Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Risk of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) in Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Patients: A Thai PCI Registry-Based Cohort Study

Open Access
|Mar 2026

References

  1. Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2023 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023;147(8):e93e621. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001123
  2. Münzel T, Hahad O, Sørensen M, Lelieveld J, Duerr GD, Nieuwenhuijsen M, et al. Environmental risk factors and cardiovascular diseases: A comprehensive expert review. Cardiovascular Research. 2022;118(14):28802902. DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab316
  3. Singh A, Museedi AS, Grossman SA. Acute coronary syndrome. StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2022.
  4. Division of Non-Communicable Disease (NCDs), MOPH. Morbidity and mortality of CAD. Nonthaburi, Thailand: Department of Disease Control; 2021 [cited 2025 January 11]. Available from: https://www.ddc.moph.go.th/dncd/news.php?news=39911.
  5. Lelieveld J, Haines A, Burnett R, Tonne C, Klingmüller K, Münzel T, et al. Air pollution deaths attributable to fossil fuels: observational and modelling study. BMJ. 2023;383:e077784. DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-077784
  6. Pozzer A, Anenberg SC, Dey S, Haines A, Lelieveld J, Chowdhury S. Mortality attributable to ambient air pollution: A review of global estimates. Geohealth. Jan 2023;7(1):e2022GH000711. DOI: 10.1029/2022GH000711
  7. Zhang S, Routledge MN. The contribution of PM2.5 to cardiovascular disease in China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. 2020;27(30):3750237513. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09996-3
  8. Xie W, Li G, Zhao D, Xie X, Wei Z, Wang W, et al. Relationship between fine particulate air pollution and ischaemic heart disease morbidity and mortality. Heart. 2015;101(4):257263. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306165
  9. Landrigan PJ, Fuller R, Acosta NJR, Adeyi O, Arnold R, Basu N, et al. The Lancet Commission on pollution and health. The Lancet. 2018;391(10119):462512. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32345-0
  10. Chen H, Burnett RT, Copes R, Kwong JC, Villeneuve PJ, Goldberg MS, et al. Ambient fine particulate matter and mortality among survivors of myocardial infarction: Population-based cohort study. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2016;124(9):14211428. DOI: 10.1289/EHP185
  11. Zhang Q, Qi W, Yao W, Wang M, Chen Y, Zhou Y. Ambient particulate matter (PM2.5/PM10) exposure and emergency department visits for acute myocardial infarction in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China during 2014: A case-crossover study. Journal of Epidemiology. 2016;26(10):538545. DOI: 10.2188/jea.JE20150209
  12. Pope CA, Muhlestein JB, Anderson JL, Cannon JB, Hales NM, Meredith KG, et al. Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution is preferentially associated with the risk of ST-segment elevation acute coronary events. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2015;4(12). DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002506
  13. Cesaroni G, Forastiere F, Stafoggia M, Andersen ZJ, Badaloni C, Beelen R, et al. Long term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of acute coronary events: Prospective cohort study and meta-analysis in 11 European cohorts from the ESCAPE Project. BMJ. 2014;348:f7412. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f7412
  14. Alexeeff SE, Liao NS, Liu X, Van Den Eeden SK, Sidney S. Long-term PM(2.5) exposure and risks of ischemic heart disease and stroke events: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2021;10(1):e016890. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016890
  15. Gardner B, Ling F, Hopke PK, Frampton MW, Utell MJ, Zareba W, et al. Ambient fine particulate air pollution triggers ST-elevation myocardial infarction, but not non-ST elevation myocardial infarction: a case-crossover study. Particle and Fibre Toxicology. 2014;11:1. DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-11-1
  16. Farhadi Z, Abulghasem Gorgi H, Shabaninejad H, Aghajani Delavar M, Torani S. Association between PM2.5 and risk of hospitalization for myocardial infarction: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):314. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8262-3
  17. Yuan S, Wang J, Jiang Q, He Z, Huang Y, Li Z, et al. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Environmental Research. 2019;177:108587. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108587
  18. Jinarat D, Shinlapawittayatorn K, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Particulate matter and cardiac arrhythmias: From clinical observation to mechanistic insights at cardiac ion channels. Environmental Pollution. 2025;373:126168. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126168
  19. Jia Y, Lin Z, He Z, Li C, Zhang Y, Wang J, et al. Effect of air pollution on heart failure: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2023;131(7):76001. DOI: 10.1289/EHP11506
  20. Shah AS, Langrish JP, Nair H, McAllister DA, Hunter AL, Donaldson K, et al. Global association of air pollution and heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. 2013;382(9897):10391048. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60898-3
  21. Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi Sadeer G, Brook Robert D. Air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2018;72(17):20542070. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.099
  22. IQ Air. World Air Quality Report, 2019 [Internet]. IQ Air; 2020. Available from: https://www.iqair.com/dl/pdf-reports/2019-World-Air-Report-V8-20200318.pdf.
  23. Pinichka C, Makka N, Sukkumnoed D, Chariyalertsak S, Inchai P, Bundhamcharoen K. Burden of disease attributed to ambient air pollution in Thailand: A GIS-based approach. PLoS One. 2017;12(12):e0189909. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189909
  24. Punsompong P, Pani SK, Wang S-H, Bich Pham TT. Assessment of biomass-burning types and transport over Thailand and the associated health risks. Atmospheric Environment. 2021;247:118176. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118176
  25. Koton S, Molshatzki N, Yuval, Myers V, Broday DM, Drory Y, et al. Cumulative exposure to particulate matter air pollution and long-term post-myocardial infarction outcomes. Preventative Medicine. 2013;57(4):339344. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.06.009
  26. Liao NS, Sidney S, Deosaransingh K, Van Den Eeden SK, Schwartz J, Alexeeff SE. Particulate air pollution and risk of cardiovascular events among adults with a history of stroke or acute myocardial infarction. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2021;10(10):e019758. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.120.019758
  27. Motairek I, Deo SV, Elgudin Y, McAllister DA, Brook RD, Chen Z, et al. Particulate matter air pollution and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Advances. 2023;2(3):100285. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100285
  28. Kawai K, Muhere CF, Lemos EV, Francis JM. Viral infections and risk of cardiovascular disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2025;14(21):e042670. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.125.042670
  29. Dai N, Tang X, Hu Y, Lu H, Chen Z, Duan S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection association with atherosclerotic plaque progression at coronary CT angiography and adverse cardiovascular events. Radiology. 2025;314(2):e240876. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.240876
  30. Sansanayudh N, Srimahachota S, Chandavimol M, Limpijankit T, Kehasukcharoen W, Athisakul S, et al. Multi-center, prospective, nation-wide coronary angioplasty registry in Thailand (Thai PCI Registry): Registry design and rationale. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2021 Oct;104(10):16781685. DOI: 10.35755/jmedassocthai.2021.10.13066
  31. Sansanayudh N, Chandavimol M, Srimahachota S, Limpijankit T, Hutayanon P, Kiatchoosakun S, et al. Patient characteristics, procedural details, and outcomes of contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention in real-world practice: Insights from nationwide Thai PCI registry. Journal of Interventional Cardiology. 2022;2022:5839834. DOI: 10.1155/2022/5839834
  32. Copat C, Cristaldi A, Fiore M, Grasso A, Zuccarello P, Signorelli SS, et al. The role of air pollution (PM and NO(2)) in COVID-19 spread and lethality: A systematic review. Environmental Research. 2020;191:110129. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110129
  33. Sangkham S, Islam MA, Sarndhong K, Vongruang P, Hasan MN, Tiwari A, et al. Effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and meteorological factors on the daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Bangkok during 2020–2021, Thailand. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering. 2023;8:100410. DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2023.100410
  34. Marchetti S, Gualtieri M, Pozzer A, Lelieveld J, Saliu F, Hansell AL, et al. On fine particulate matter and COVID-19 spread and severity: An in vitro toxicological plausible mechanism. Environment International. 2023;179:108131. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108131
  35. Zender-Świercz E, Galiszewska B, Telejko M, Starzomska M. The effect of temperature and humidity of air on the concentration of particulate matter – PM2.5 and PM10. Atmospheric Research. 2024;312:107733.30. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107733
  36. Lazzarin T, Fávero Junior EL, Delai CC, Pinheiro VR, Ballarin RS, Rischini FA, et al. Association of outdoor relative humidity and temperature on in-hospital cardiac arrest prognosis. Global Heart. 2023;18(1):52. DOI: 10.5334/gh.1266
  37. Zeng J, Zhang X, Yang J, Bao J, Xiang H, Dear K, et al. Humidity may modify the relationship between temperature and cardiovascular mortality in Zhejiang Province, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017;14(11):1383. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111383
  38. Akhbarizadeh R, Dobaradaran S, Amouei Torkmahalleh M, Saeedi R, Aibaghi R, Faraji Ghasemi F. Suspended fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)), microplastics (MPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air: Their possible relationships and health implications. Environmental Research. 2021;192:110339. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110339
  39. Mutshekwa T, Mulaudzi F, Maiyana VP, Mofu L, Munyai LF, Murungweni FM. Atmospheric deposition of microplastics in urban, rural, forest environments: A case study of Thulamela Local Municipality. PLoS One. 2025;20(3):e0313840. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313840
  40. Prattichizzo F, Ceriello A, Pellegrini V, La Grotta R, Graciotti L, Olivieri F, et al. Micro-nanoplastics and cardiovascular diseases: evidence and perspectives. European Heart Journal. 2024;45(38):40994110. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae552
  41. Nardin M, Verdoia M, Laera N, Cao D, De Luca G. New insights into pathophysiology and new risk factors for ACS. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(8):2883. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082883
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1539 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179
Language: English
Submitted on: Oct 18, 2025
|
Accepted on: Feb 26, 2026
|
Published on: Mar 17, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2026 Chaiyawat Suppasilp, Teeranan Angkananard, Romen Samuel Rodis Wabina, Worawut Roongsangmanoon, Pawin Numthavaj, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Atiporn Ingsathit, Kriengsak Vareesangthip, Suphot Srimahachota, Thosapol Limpijankit, Nakarin Sansanayudh, Ammarin Thakkinstian, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.