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Attitudes and Willingness of Cardiothoracic Group Physicians in the Cardiovascular and Radiology Departments toward the Adjuvant Use of CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve in the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease Cover

Attitudes and Willingness of Cardiothoracic Group Physicians in the Cardiovascular and Radiology Departments toward the Adjuvant Use of CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve in the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

Open Access
|Oct 2025

Figures & Tables

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Figure 1

Scatter plot of willingness and attitude dimension scores.

Table 1

Distribution of Attitude dimension responses.

a) Very Familiar (5 points)b) Familiarc) Averaged) Not Familiare) Completely Unfamiliar (1 Point)
1. How familiar are you with CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology?25 (9.5)91 (34.3)97 (36.6)42 (15.8)10 (3.8)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
2. Do you think conventional invasive wire based FFR increases procedural steps, time and cost, limiting its widespread us in China?32 (12.1)137 (51.6)85 (32.1)11 (4.2)0 (0.0)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
3. Do you believe CT-FFR can avoid unnecessary invasive procedures and related complications?32 (12.1)171 (64.5)53 (20.0)9 (3.4)0 (0.0)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
4. Do you think CT-FFR can assess the entire coronary artery’s blood flow reserve, compensating for the limitation of invasive wire-based FFR, which can only evaluate individual vessel stenosis?35 (13.2)161 (60.8)63 (23.8)6 (2.2)0 (0.0)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
5. Do you believe CT-FFR technology can be used for post-treatment evaluation of coronary heart disease to obtain more prognostic information?36 (13.6)180 (67.9)45 (17.0)4 (1.5)0 (0.0)
a) Very High (5 Points)b) Highc) Averaged) Lowe) Very Low (1 Point)
6. How do you rate the acceptance of CT-FFR technology among coronary heart disease patients?25 (9.4)125 (47.2)97 (36.6)17 (6.4)1 (0.4)
a) Very Worried (1 Point)b) Worriedc) Neutrald) Not Worriede) Not Worried at all (5 Points)
7. Compared to conventional invasive wire-based FFR results, are you concerned about the accuracy of CT-FFR results?15 (5.7)113 (42.6)101 (38.1)34 (12.8)2 (0.8)
a) Very Worried (1 Point)b) Worriedc) Neutrald) Not Worriede) Not Worried at all (5 Points)
8. Are you concerned that inaccurate CT-FFR results may lead to subsequent medical litigation?15 (5.6)85 (32.1)112 (42.3)53 (20.0)0 (0.0)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
9. Do you think the popularization of CT-FFR technology will reduce the time and cost of diagnosis and treatment?18 (6.8)147 (55.5)74 (27.9)26 (9.8)0 (0.0)
a) Very Helpful (5 Points)b) Somewhat Helpfulc) Possibly Helpfuld) Not Very Helpfule) Not Helpful at All (1 Points)
10. In your practice, how helpful do you think CT-FFR technology is for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease?57 (21.5)159 (60.0)45 (17.0)3 (1.1)1 (0.4)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
11. Do you believe the clinical application value of CT-FFR technology can exceed that of invasive wire-based FFR?12 (4.5)87 (32.8)108 (40.8)53 (20.0)5 (1.9)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
12. Do you think CT-FFR technology has greater development potential?45 (17.0)165 (62.3)52 (19.6)3 (1.1)0 (0.0)
a) Very High (5 Points)b) Highc) Averaged) Lowe) Very Low (1 Point)
13. How do you rate the promotion of CT-FFR technology in your hospital?11 (4.2)61 (23.0)110 (41.5)51 (19.2)32 (12.1)
a) Very Necessary (5 Points)b) Necessaryc) Neutrald) Not Very Necessarye) Completely Unnecessary (1 Point)
14. Do you think it is necessary to further promote the application of CT-FFR technology?36 (13.6)171 (64.5)55 (20.8)3 (1.1)0 (0.0)
a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
15. Do you think it will take a considerable amount of time for the widespread adoption of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology?23 (8.7)157 (59.2)70 (26.4)15 (5.7)0 (0.0)
Table 2

Distribution of attitude dimension responses.

a) Strongly Agree (5 points)b) Agreec) Neutrald) Disagreee) Completely Disagree (1 point)
1. Do you think CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology should become the standard method for diagnosing coronary artery disease?17 (6.4)124 (46.8)101 (38.1)23 (8.7)0 (0.0)
a) Very Willing (5 points)b) Willingc) Averaged) Unwillinge) Completely Unwilling (1 Point)
2. If you have not used CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology, would you be willing to try and apply this technology?37 (14.0)190 (71.6)36 (13.6)2 (0.8)0 (0.0)
a) Very Willing (5 points)b) Willingc) Averaged) Unwillinge) Completely Unwilling (1 Point)
3. Are you willing to introduce the differences between CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology and invasive wire-based FFR technology to patients?35 (13.1)187 (70.6)41 (15.5)2 (0.8)0 (0.0)
a) Strongly Recommend (5 Points)b) Recommendc) Might Recommendd) Not Recommende) Completely not recommend (1 Point)
4. Would you recommend the use of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology for coronary functional assessment to patients?27 (10.2)149 (56.2)86 (32.5)3 (1.1)0 (0.0)
a) Very Willing (5 points)b) Willingc) Averaged) Unwillinge) Completely Unwilling (1 Point)
5. Are you willing to actively learn about the technical principles, workflow, precautions, and clinical applications of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR)?56 (21.1)173 (65.3)36 (13.6)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
a) Very Willing (5 points)b) Willingc) Averaged) Unwillinge) Completely Unwilling (1 Point)
6. Are you willing to receive further training and education on CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology?58 (21.9)177 (66.8)30 (11.3)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)
a) Considered deeply multiple times (5 points)b) Consideredc) Occasionally thought aboutd) No Considerede) Never paid attention (1 point)
7. Have you considered the need for further improvement in the application of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology and what efforts are needed?13 (4.9)131 (49.4)73 (27.5)38 (14.3)10 (3.9)
a) Very Willing (5 points)b) Willingc) Averaged) Unwillinge) Completely Unwilling (1 Point)
8. Are you willing to participate in clinical research using CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) technology?48 (18.1)167 (63.0)45 (17.0)5 (1.9)0 (0.0)
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Figure 2

Willingness dimension part topic relevance.

gh-20-1-1477-g3.png
Figure 3

Correlation between the question of attitude and the willingness dimension.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1477 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179
Language: English
Submitted on: Sep 18, 2024
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Accepted on: Sep 15, 2025
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Published on: Oct 6, 2025
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Xi Tian, Bingzhen Jia, Xusheng Lou, Dong Li, Zhang Zhang, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.