Table 1
Literature search strings and databases organised by topic/disciplines.
| TOPIC | DATABASE(S) | SEARCH STRING | EXCLUSION CRITERIA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Architecture (general) | Andor, Google Scholar, Scopus | (‘home-based work’ OR ‘work from home’ OR ‘WFH’ OR ‘working from home’ OR ‘home-based working’ OR ‘work at home’) AND (Architect*) | ‘Computer Science’ |
| Urban planning (access to nature) | Andor, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus | (Work AND Home OR living OR housing OR ‘third spaces’ OR ‘locationless work’ OR ‘digital space’ OR ‘home-workplace’ OR ‘home-workspace’ OR ‘home workplace environment’ OR ‘Telecommuters’ OR ‘residential environment’ OR ‘home working environment’ OR ‘home office’ OR ‘sheltering-in-place’ OR ‘WFH’) AND (Digital OR ‘e-work’ OR ‘tele-work’ OR mobile OR remote OR hybrid) AND (Nature OR green* OR courtyard* Or forest* OR lake* Or garden* OR tree* OR park* OR patio* OR terrace* OR balcon*) AND (Motivation* OR incentive* OR reason* OR condition* OR explanation* OR well-being) | ‘Nature of work’ |
| Transport and mobility | Transport Research Board, Scopus | (mobility OR transport* Or transit OR tourism OR travel) AND (Home OR living OR hous* OR third spaces OR digital space OR ‘summer cottage’) AND (‘digital work’ OR ‘e-work’ OR ‘tele-work’ OR ‘remote work’ OR ‘hybrid work’ OR ‘work from home’ OR ‘WFH’ OR ‘locationless work’) AND (socio-economic OR gender OR sexuality OR ethnicity OR disadvantaged OR marginali* OR class OR demographic* OR accessibil* OR disability OR minority) | |
| Political sciences | ProQuest, Sage Journals, Google Scholar | (‘remote work’ OR ‘work from home’ OR ‘home-based work’ OR ‘telework’) AND (culture OR built environment OR land use OR history OR labour OR capitalism) |
Table 2
Key issues of spatial injustice in terms of (A) process and distribution and (B) the spatial dialectics of injustice.
| A. FEATURES OF SPATIAL (IN)JUSTICE RELATED TO WORK AT HOME AND THE HOME AS A SPACE OF WORK | |
|---|---|
| A1. PROCESSES OF SPATIAL FORMATION AND PRODUCTION THAT GENERATE AND CONSOLIDATE UNJUST DISTRIBUTIONAL PATTERNS AND UNEQUAL SOCIAL RELATIONS | A2. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND ACCESS TO BENEFITS AND SOCIALLY VALUED RESOURCES |
The home, an ideological and material space, is the product of a historical process that separated work and home; divided work into productive and reproductive work, gendered this work, and valued it differently; positioned reproductive work at home, feminised this work and the home, and ideologically positioned the home in the private sphere. This process of spatial formation shaped the home as a space of non-work with justice implications, where the home becomes:
| Some types of work at home are associated with higher wages and mobility possibilities, thus generating unequal spatial distributional patterns of and access to:
|
| B. SPATIAL DIALECTICS OF INJUSTICE | |
| B1. SOCIAL INJUSTICES BECOME SPATIALISED | B2. SPACE SERVES TO PRODUCE AND SUSTAIN SOCIAL INJUSTICES |
| The processes that led to contemporary homes to be defined and designed as spaces of non-work led to social injustices becoming spatialised in the home (see A1). The feminisation of social reproductive work, its devaluation and exploitation, and the social inequalities that underpin this work (e.g. outsourced paid domestic work) becomes spatialised, e.g. so-called maid’s and servant’s rooms, without good qualitative living standards. Because productive work at home reproduces work-related inequalities, some types of productive work, typically forms of work that enable flexible worker mobility (e.g. telework), are better remunerated than others. These inequalities become spatialised in the form of:
| Due to its atomism and being positioned in the so-called private sphere, the home serves to produce and sustain injustices:
|