Figure 1
Map of the scientific process and points where issues that threaten transparency, reproducibility and quality (TReQ) of research can come into play. Source: Modified from Chambers et al. (2014). For the original diagram, see the supplemental data online.
Table 1
Overview of the preregistration forms for different research approaches
| Registration forms | Description | URL |
|---|---|---|
| OSF Prereg | Generic preregistration form | https://osf.io/prereg/ |
| AsPredicted Preregistration | Generic preregistration form | https://aspredicted.org/ |
| Replication Recipe | For registering a replication study | https://osf.io/4jd46/ |
| Qualitative Research Preregistration | For qualitative research | https://osf.io/j7ghv/wiki/home/ |
| Secondary Data Preregistration | For preregistering a research project that uses an existing data set | https://osf.io/x4gzt/ |
| Cognitive Modeling (Model Application) | For preregistering a study using a cognitive model as a measurement tool | https://osf.io/2qbkc/wiki/home/ |
Table 2
Selected main reporting guidelines likely to be applicable to energy research
| Study type | Reporting guidelines | Notes | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Randomised trial | CONSORT | Requires a flowchart of the phases of the trial and includes a 25-item checklist | Schulz et al. (2010) |
| Systematic review | PRISMA | Flowchart and 27-item checklist | Moher et al. (2009) |
| Predictive model | TRIPOD | 22-item checklist | Collins et al. (2015) |
| Qualitative study (interviews and focus groups) | COREQ | 32-item checklist | Tong et al. (2007) |
Table 3
Overview of the common preprint servers
| Name | Homepage | Topic areas |
|---|---|---|
| OSF Preprints | https://osf.io/preprints/ | Any (plus serves as a search interface for several preprint servers) |
| arXiv | https://arxiv.org/ | Physics, mathematics, computer science, quantitative biology, quantitative finance, statistics, electrical engineering and systems science, economics |
| bioRxiv | https://www.biorxiv.org/ | Biology |
| Preprints.org | https://www.preprints.org/ | Any |
| PsyArXiv | https://psyarxiv.com/ | Psychological sciences |
| RePEc | http://www.repec.org/ | Economics and related sciences |
| SocArXiv | https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv | Social sciences |
| EarthArXiv | https://eartharxiv.org/ | Earth science and related domains of planetary science |
| engrXiv | https://engrxiv.org/ | Engineering |
| LawArXiv | http://lawarxiv.info/ | Legal scholarship |
| MedRxiv | https://www.medrxiv.org/ | Health Sciences |
Figure 2
Temporal implementation of the suggested tools and how they can help to overcome problematic research practices.
Table 4
Checklist for the reporting of tools that promote transparency, reproducibility and quality (TReQ) of research
| Tools | Delete as applicable | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Preregistration | ||
| This study has a pre-analysis plan | Yes No | Explanation if no: |
| If yes | ||
| URL | {insert link} | |
| Was it registered before data collection? | Yes No | Explanation if no: |
| Does the paper mention and explain deviations from the PAP? | Yes No Not applicable (no deviations) | If yes, specify section of paper, or explanation if no: |
| Reporting guidelines | ||
| This paper follows a reporting guideline | Yes No | |
| If yes | ||
| Which one? | {insert name and citation, include in reference list} | |
| Open data and code | ||
| Data/code are publicly available | Yes, data and code Yes, data only Yes, code only No | |
| Does the paper make a statement on data and code availability? | Yes, on data and code Yes, on data only Yes, on code only No | Refer to relevant section or include here: |
| If yes | ||
| What is/are the link(s)? | {insert link(s)} | |
| Have steps been taken to ensure the data are FAIR? | Yes No | |
| Have meta-data been uploaded? | Yes No | |
| Preprints | ||
| Have you uploaded a preprint? | Yes Planned following submission No | |
| If yes | ||
| What is the link? | {insert link} | |
| If planned | ||
| Which preprint server/location? | ||
[i] Note: This table is also available in editable form in the supplemental data online.