Figure 1
Direct, indirect, and intersectional ways in which climate change adversely impacts mental health outcomes. Framework adapted from Heinz & Brandt [18].
Figure 2
PRISMA flowchart of study selection.
Table 1
Summary of Studies Included in the Review.
| AUTHORS | REFERENCES | LOCATION | POPULATION | CLIMATE EVENT | MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOME | STUDY DESIGN | INTERVENTION |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heaney & Winter | [35] | Tanzania | Maasai migrants | Drought | Stress, loneliness | Qualitative | None |
| Taukeni et al. | [36] | Namibia | Children (8–18) | Floods | PTSD | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Korukire et al. | [37] | Rwanda | General population | Floods, storms | Mental illness management model | Policy commentary | None |
| Di Giorgi et al. | [38] | Italy (African migrants) | Migrants | Chronic stressors | Climate perception & emotional disorders | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Adams & Nyantakyi‑Frimpong | [39] | Ghana | Flood‑affected urban poor | Floods | Stress, anxiety | Photovoice | None |
| Hickman et al. | [20] | Nigeria (global study) | Youth (16–25) | Climate change | Climate anxiety | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Abass et al. | [22] | Ghana | Adults in flood‑prone areas | Floods | Psychological distress | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Heeren et al. | [40] | Gabon, Rwanda, etc. | General adult population | None | Climate anxiety | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Ugwuoke et al. | [41] | Nigeria | Farmers | Floods | Anxiety disorders | RCT | REFHT intervention |
| Beyeler et al. | [24] | Kenya | Farmers with HIV | Drought, Floods | Emotional distress | Qualitative | None |
| Obaniyi et al. | [42] | Nigeria | Rural farming households | Extreme weather | Stress, anxiety, depression | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Ndetei et al. | [43] | Kenya | High school students | Floods, Droughts, Heat | Mental health & suicidality | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Atta et al. | [44] | Egypt | Nursing staff | None | Climate anxiety & job engagement | Cross‑sectional | None |
| Anichebe et al. | [45] | Nigeria | Children (10–16) | Floods | Anxiety & PTSD | RCT | Drama & Music Therapy |
| Balakrishnan et al. | [46] | Kenya | Women in informal settlements | Extreme weather | Stress & anxiety | Mixed methods | None |
| Abu et al. | [47] | Ghana | Relocated coastal residents | Sea‑level rise | Anxiety, identity | Cross‑sectional | None |
[i] HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; REFHT, rational emotive family health therapy; RCT, randomized controlled trial.