Table 1
Vector-borne disease contexts based on the current presence (√) or absence (–) of endemic (human) disease, pathogen and vector (Braks et al., 2011) with (non-exhaustive) disease examples.
| CONTEXT | AUTOCHTHONOUS DISEASE CASE(S) | PATHOGEN (AUTOCHTHONOUS/IMPORTED) | VECTOR (ESTABLISHED) | EXAMPLES BEIJING | EXAMPLES THE NETHERLANDS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | √ | √ | √ | Lyme disease, Japanese encephalitis | Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis |
| 2 | – | √ | √ | vivax-malaria, tick-borne encephalitis | vivax-malaria |
| 3 | – | – | √ | West Nile fever, chikungunya, dengue | Rift Valley fever |
| 4 | – | √ | – | yellow fever, Zika | Yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, Zika |
| 5 | – | – | – | Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever | Japanese encephalitis, Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever |