Figure 1
Phases of Pandemic with Measures in Containment and Mitigation.
Figure 2
Achievement Level of Korea in COVID-19 Policy Objectives.
Figure 3
Process of Self-Diagnosis.
* Reference: [22].
** Abbreviation: KCDC, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Figure 4
Self-Quarantine Safety Applications.
* Reference: [21].
Figure 5
Two Types of Korea Walk-Through Testing Centers.
* Reference: [20].
Table 1
Digital Technologies for Containment Strategy.
| DTs in Korea | CBS | AI Chatbot | Smart Working | Remote Education | Diagnosis App. | Quarantine App. | SQIS | EISS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measures | |||||||||
| Alerting and Warning | Pandemic Information for the Public | O | O | ||||||
| Infection Risk to Potential Contacts | O | O | |||||||
| Epidemio-logical Investigation | Contacts Tracing | O | O | O | O | O | |||
| Detection of Imported Infections | O | O | O | O | |||||
| Quarantine of Contacts | Border Control and Tracking | O | |||||||
| Voluntary or Involuntary Isolation | O | O | O | O | O | ||||
| Case-Finding | O | O | O | O | O | ||||
| Social Distancing | O | O | O | O | O | O | |||
| Mask-Wearing | O | ||||||||
[i] * Abbreviation: AI, Artificial intelligence; App.: Application; CBS, Cellular Broadcasting Service; DT, Digital technology; EISS, Epidemiological Investigation Support System; SQIS, Smart Quarantine Information System.
Table 2
Digital Technologies for both Containment and Mitigation Strategies.
| DTs in Korea | Remote Public Healthcare with Telemedicine Service | Government-Corporation-Researchers Network | Mobile Application by Public-Private Partnership | COVID-19 Diagnostic Kit | AI for Chest Radiography Detection | K-Walk-Thru Testing Centers | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measures | |||||||
| Containment Strategy | |||||||
| Alerting and Warning | O | ||||||
| Epidemio-logical Investigation | O | O | O | O | O | O | |
| Quarantine of Contacts | O | O | |||||
| Case-Finding | O | O | O | O | |||
| Social Distancing | O | O | O | O | O | ||
| Mask-Wearing | O | O | |||||
| Mitigation Strategy | |||||||
| Healthcare and Medical Treatment | O | O | O | ||||
| Drug Repurposing and Vaccines | |||||||
| Prophylaxis (Pre-symptomatic Testing) | O | O | O | O | O | O | |
[i] * Abbreviation: AI, Artificial intelligence; COVID-19, 2019 coronavirus disease; K-Walk-Thru, Korea walk-through.
Figure 6
Digital Technology-Centered Epidemic and Pandemic Paradigm.