Evaluating the Impact of a School-Based Youth-Led Health Education Program for Adolescent Females in Mumbai, India

Figures & Tables

Evaluation Tools.

Knowledge Assessment	20-question assessment focused on measuring participants’ health knowledge 5 questions on each of the 4 modules (nutrition & anemia, mental health/gender-based violence, menstruation, reproductive health) Multiple-choice format Sample questions: “What is anemia?” “Which of the following is part of a female’s reproductive system?”
Attitudes Assessment	6-question assessment focused on measuring participants’ agreement with favorable health attitudes underlying program curricula Agree/disagree format Sample statements: “Individuals with mental illness are crazy.” “Victims of physical or sexual violence are never at fault or to blame.”
Leadership Skills Assessment	4-question assessment focused on Champions’ self-perceived leadership skills Five-point Likert Scale format Sample statement: “I feel confident speaking in front of my classmates.”

Average Knowledge Assessment Scores.

	Pre-Test August 2016 mean % correct (SD)	Post-Test August 2016 mean % correct (SD)	% change vs. Pre-Test (dir./sig.)	Mid-YearRetention January 2017 mean % correct (SD)	% change vs. Pre-Test (dir./sig.)	% change vs. Post-Test (dir./sig.)
All participants	56.7 (19.8) N = 738	84.0 (15.3) N = 687	+48%***	72.9 (18.5) N = 590	+29%***	–13%***
Standard
8^th Standard	47.9 (19.8) n = 162	74.6 (19.5) n = 155	+56%***	65.2 (21.2) n = 171	+35%***	–13%***
9^th Standard	54.1 (19.9) n = 283	83.4 (13.5) n = 258	+54%***	76.1 (17.7) n = 263	+41%***	–9%***
10^th Standard	64.1 (17.1) n = 293	89.9 (10.9) n = 274	+41%***	76.1 (13.7) n = 156	+19%***	–16%***
Champion status
Champion	49.4 (21.0) n = 105	81.5 (15.3) n = 95	+65%***	75.0 (21.3) n = 89	+52%***	–8%NS
Non-Champion	57.9 (19.4) n = 633	84.4 (15.3) n = 592	+46%***	72.6 (18.0) n = 501	+25%***	–14%***
9^th Std. Champion	50.0 (21.2) n = 100	81.0 (15.4) n = 90	+62%***	76.3 (21.3) n = 84	+53%***	–6%NS
9^th Std. Non-Champion	56.4 (18.8) n = 183	84.7 (12.1) n = 168	+50%***	76.1 (15.8) n = 179	+35%***	–10%***
Health Topic
Nutrition/Anemia	56.2 (28.5)	87.6 (17.8)	+56%***	75.4 (22.8)	+34%***	–14%***
Mental Health/Gender-Based Violence	57.0 (26.4)	80.9 (23.0)	+42%***	69.4 (25.7)	+22%***	–14%***
Menstruation	61.5 (25.2)	85.9 (19.2)	+40%***	76.6 (23.8)	+25%***	–11%***
Reproductive Health	52.2 (26.4)	81.6 (21.2)	+56%***	70.3 (23.0)	+35%***	–14%***

[i] Note: + denotes positive change, – denotes negative change. *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05, NS = not significant.

Average Attitudes Assessment Scores.

	Pre-Test August 2016 mean % in agreement (SD)	Post-Test August 2016 mean % in agreement (SD)	% change vs. Pre-Test (dir./sig.)	Mid-Year Retention January 2017 mean % in agreement (SD)	% change vs. Pre-Test (dir./sig.)	% change vs. Post-Test (dir./sig.)
All participants	46.2 (22.8) N = 755	65.5 (22.1) N = 681	+42%***	63.3 (21.4) N = 581	+37%***	–3%NS
Standard
8^th Standard	48.5 (22.5) n = 182	54.1 (22.2) n = 157	+12%*	57.8 (23.0) n = 164	+19%***	+7%NS
9^th Standard	44.5 (23.0) n = 284	67.6 (20.9) n = 259	+52%***	64.2 (21.0) n = 262	+44%***	–5%NS
10^th Standard	46.4 (22.7) n = 289	70.2 (21.0) n = 265	+51%***	67.7 (19.0) n = 155	+46%***	–4%NS
Champion status
Champion	43.8 (23.7) n = 105	61.2 (23.4) n = 95	+40%***	64.2 (23.8) n = 89	+47%***	+5%NS
Non-Champion	46.6 (22.6) n = 650	66.2 (21.9) n = 586	+42%***	63.2 (20.9) n = 492	+36%***	–5%*
9^th Std. Champion	44.5 (23.0) n = 100	62.0 (22.9) n = 90	+39%***	66.1 (23.2) n = 84	+49%***	+7%NS
9^th Std. Non-Champion	44.5 (23.0) n = 184	70.5 (19.2) n = 169	+58%***	63.3 (19.9) n = 178	+42%***	–10%**

[i] Note: + denotes positive change, – denotes negative change. *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05, NS = not significant.

Average Leadership Skills Assessment Scores.

	Pre-Test August 2016 mean rating out of 5 (SD)	Post-Test August 2016 mean rating out of 5 (SD)	% change vs. Pre-Test (dir./sig.)
All Champions	N = 105	N = 95
Q1. I view myself a leader amongst my peers.	4.50 (0.90)	4.64 (0.72)	+3%NS
Q2. I feel confident speaking in front of my classmates.	4.50 (0.90)	4.60 (0.79)	+2%NS
Q3. I believe I can teach and mentor my classmates on important topics.	4.63 (0.68)	4.74 (0.47)	+2%NS
Q4. I am interested in promoting health knowledge.	4.45 (0.84)	4.71 (0.58)	+6%*

[i] Note: + denotes positive change, – denotes negative change. *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05, NS = not significant.