References
- 1World Health Organization. Indicators to monitor maternal health goals.
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/60261/WHO_FHE_MSM_94.14.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y . Accessed June 11, 2018. - 2WHO Statement on Caesarean Section Rates (2015); Executive summary WHO reference number: WHO/RHR/15.02 April 2015.
http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/161442/1/WHO_RHR_15.02_eng.pdf?ua=1 . Accessed June 11, 2018. - 3Gibbons L, Belizán J, Lauer J, Betrán A, Merialdi M, Althabe F. The global numbers and costs of additionally needed and unnecessary caesarean sections performed per year: Overuse as a barrier to universal coverage. World Health Report Background Paper. 2010; 30.
- 4Althabe F, Sosa C, Belizan JM, Gibbons L, Jacquerioz F, Bergel E. Cesarean section rates and maternal and neonatal mortality in low-, medium-, and high-income countries: An ecological study. Birth. 2006; 33(4): 270–7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2006.00118.x
- 5Koteshwara S, Sujatha MS. Analysis of caesarean section rates using Robsons ten group classification: The first step. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Aug; 6(8): 3481–3485. DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173468
- 6Pilar Betrán A, Ye J, Moller AB, Zhang J, Gülmezoglu AM, Torloni MR. The Increasing Trend in Caesarean Section Rates: Global, Regional and National Estimates: 1990–2014. PLoS One. 2016; 11(2):
e0148343 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148343 - 7OECD Caesarean sections.
https://data.oecd.org/healthcare/caesarean-sections.htm . - 8Lefèvre M. Physician induced demand for C-sections: does the convenience incentive matter?
https://www.york.ac.uk/media/economics/documents/hedg/workingpapers/1408.pdf . Accessed June 11, 2018. - 9ACOG. American College of Obstetrics & Gynecology Committee Opinion, No 559, Cesarean delivery on maternal request Obstetrics & Gynecology. April 2013; 121(4): 904–907. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000428647.67925.d3
- 10Vogel JP, Pilar Betrán A, Vindevoghel N, et al. On behalf of the WHO Multi-Country Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health Research Network; Use of the Robson classification to assess caesarean section trends in 21 countries: A secondary analysis of two WHO multicountry surveys. Lancet Glob Health. 2015; 3: e260–70. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)70094-X
- 11TSI. Turkish Statistical Institute, Basic fertility indicators, 2001–2016.
http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1060 . Accessed June 11, 2018. - 12GDHR. General Directorate of Health Research Health Statistic Yearbook. 2016.
https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/13160,sy2016enpdf.pdf?0 . Accessed June 11, 2018. - 13TMCHI Report. Turkish Maternity Child and Adolescent Health Institute Doğum Şekli Tercihinin Multidisipliner İrdelenmesi Çalıştayı Sonuç Raporu.
http://www.tuseb.gov.tr/tacese/yuklemeler/ekitap/TACESErapor/Dogum%20Sekli%20Tercihinin%20Multidisipliner%20Irdelenmesi%20Calistayi%20Sonuc%20Raporu.pdf . Accessed June 11, 2018. - 14SOGC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE. Induction of Labour. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2013; 35(9): 840–857. DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30842-2
- 15WHO. Robson Classification Implemented Manual. 2017.
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259512/9789241513197-eng.pdf?sequence=1 . - 16Warner WL. Arriving at the appropriate ceserean delivery rate. District Newsletter. ACOG. July 2013
- 17Nijagal MA, Kuppermann M, Nakagawa S, et al. Two practice models in one labor and delivery unit: Association with cesarean delivery rates. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 212: 491.e1–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.11.014
- 18Spong CY, Berghella V, Wenstrom KD, Mercer BM, Saade GR. Preventing the First Cesarean Delivery: Summary of a Joint Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Workshop. Obstet Gynecol. 2012 November; 120(5): 1181–1193. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182704880
- 19Khawaja M, Kabakian-Khasholian T, Jurdi R. Determinants of caesarean section in Egypt: Evidence from the demographic and health survey. Health Policy. 2004; 69(3): 273–81. DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.05.006
- 20Koblinsky M, Anwar I, Mridha MK, Chowdhury ME, Botlero R. Reducing maternal mortality and improving maternal health: Bangladesh and MDG 5. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition. 2008; 26(3): 280. DOI: 10.3329/jhpn.v26i3.1896
- 21Souza J, Gülmezoglu A, Lumbiganon P, et al. Caesarean section without medical indications is associated with an increased risk of adverse short-term maternal outcomes: The 2004–2008 WHO Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health. BMC Med. 2010; 8: 71. DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-71
- 22Triunfo S, Ferrazzani S, Lanzone A, Scambia G. Identification of obstetric targets for reducing cesarean section rate using the Robson Ten Group Classification in a tertiary level hospital. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2015 Jun; 189: 91–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.03.030
- 23Hodnett ED, Gates S, Hofmeyr GJ, Sakala C. Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003; 3:
CD003766 . DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003766 - 24Chaillet N, Dumont A. Evidence-Based Strategies for Reducing Cesarean Section Rates: A Meta-Analysis. Birth. March 2007; 34(1): 53–64. DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2006.00146.x
- 25Chaillet N, Dubé E, Dugas M, et al. Identifying barriers and facilitators towards implementing guidelines to reduce caesarean section rates in Quebec. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Oct 2007; 85(10): 79. DOI: 10.2471/BLT.06.039289
- 26Rubinstein B. Pacific Business Group on Health, Transform Maternity Care (TMC), Advancing high-value maternity care.
http://www.pbgh.org/storage/documents/TMC_Program_Summary1214.pdf . - 27Bermúdez-Tamayo C, Johri M, Perez-Ramos FJ, et al. Evaluation of quality improvement for cesarean sections caesarean section programmes through mixed methods. Implement Sci. 2014 Dec 11; 9: 182. DOI: 10.1186/s13012-014-0182-0
- 28Blomberg M. Avoiding the first cesarean section–results of structured organizational and cultural change. AOGS- Acta obstetricia at Gynocologica Scandinavica. 15 MAR 2016. DOI: 10.1111/aogs.12872
- 29Molina G, Weiser TG, Lipsitz SR, et al. Relationship Between Cesarean Delivery Rate and Maternal and Neonatal Mortality. JAMA. 2015; 314(21): 2263–2270. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.15553
- 30Grobman WA, Rice MM, Reddy AM, et al. Labor Induction versus Expectant Management in Low-Risk Nulliparous Women. N Engl J Med. 2018; 379: 513–523. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1800566
- 31ACOG. American College of Obstetrics & Gynecology Committee Opinion, Number 765, Avoidance of Nonmedically Indicated Early-Term Deliveries and Associated Neonatal Morbidities, February 2019.
https://www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Obstetric-Practice/Avoidance-of-Nonmedically-Indicated-Early-Term-Deliveries-and-Associated-Neonatal-Morbidities . Accessed July 17, 2019. - 32Habak PJ, Kole M.
Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery (VBAC) [Updated 2020 Jun 26] . In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507844/ . - 33NICE. Caesarean section Clinical guideline CG132. Published date: November 2011 Last updated: April 2019. 2019;
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg132/chapter/1-Guidancepregnancy-and-childbirth-after-cs . Accessed June 17, 2019. - 34Kazandjian, VA1, Chaulk CP, Ogunbo S, Wicker K. Does a Cesarean section delivery always cost more than a vaginal delivery? J Eval Clin Pract. 2007 Feb; 13(1): 16–20. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00690.x
- 35He Z, Cheng Z, Wu T, et al. The Costs and Their Determinant of Cesarean Section and Vaginal Delivery: An Exploratory Study in Chongqing Municipality, China. BioMed Research International. 2016:
5685261 . DOI: 10.1155/2016/5685261 - 36Toussaint JS, Correia K.
Why Process Is U.S. Health Care’s Biggest Problem . Harvard Business Review.https://hbr.org/2018/03/why-process-is-u-s-health-cares-biggest-problem . Accessed July 17, 2019. - 37Torloni MR, Betran AP, Souza JP, et al. Classifications for Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review. PLoS ONE. 6(1):
e14566 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014566