Figure 1
Flowchart of the included eligible studies in systematic review.
Table 1
Basic information of included studies.
| Order | Author (year) | Location | Time period | Sample size | Survival Rate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | 10 | |||||
| 1 | Esteban (1998) | Philippines | 1987 | 58 | 66.00 | 15.60 | NR |
| 2 | Fan Jin (1998) | China | 1988–1991 | 373 | 62.50 | 29.60 | NR |
| 3 | Martin (1998) | Thailand | 1983–1992 | 157 | 65.20 | 28.70 | NR |
| 4 | Sato (2002) | Japan | 1962–1966 | 27 | NR | 36.30 | NR |
| 1967–1971 | 32 | NR | 19.4 | NR | |||
| 1972–1976 | 46 | NR | 37.6 | NR | |||
| 1977–1981 | 51 | NR | 31.3 | NR | |||
| 1982–1986 | 58 | NR | 24.2 | NR | |||
| 1987–1991 | 88 | NR | 73.4 | NR | |||
| 1992–1994 | 114 | NR | 84.5 | NR | |||
| 5 | Tsukuma (2006) | Japan | 1993–1996 | 4348 | 88.6 | 50.2 | NR |
| 6 | Jung (2007) | Korea | 1993–1997 | NR | NR | 59.1 | NR |
| 1998–2002 | NR | 70.6 | NR | ||||
| 7 | Lim (2009) | Singapore | 1978–1982 | NR | NR | NR | 16.5 |
| 1983–1987 | NR | NR | 30.1 | ||||
| 1988–1992 | NR | NR | 31.6 | ||||
| 1993–1997 | NR | NR | 41.6 | ||||
| 1998–2002 | NR | NR | 45.2 | ||||
| 8 | Chia (2010) | Chinese Residents in Singapore | 1973–1977 | NR | NR | 51.3 | NR |
| 1978–1982 | NR | 47.7 | |||||
| 1983–1987 | NR | 55.7 | |||||
| 1988–1992 | NR | 76.5 | |||||
| 1993–1997 | NR | 76.3 | |||||
| 1998–2002 | NR | 76.1 | |||||
| 9 | Chen (2011) | China | 1992–2000 | 55 | 37.7 | 15.2 | NR |
| 1982–1991 | NR | 20.7 | NR | ||||
| 10 | Chia (2011) | Singapore | 1993–1997 | 752 | 82.4 | 44.6 | NR |
| 11 | Jayalekshmi (2011) | India | 1991–1997 | 32 | 93.5 | 22.1 | NR |
| 12 | Jung (2011) | Korea | 1993–1995 | NR | NR | 55.9 | NR |
| 1996–2000 | NR | NR | 67.2 | NR | |||
| 2001–2005 | NR | NR | 79.5 | NR | |||
| 2004–2008 | NR | NR | 86.2 | NR | |||
| 13 | Law (2011) | Hong Kong | 1996–2001 | 3206 | 87.8 | 55.6 | NR |
| 14 | Martin (2011) | Thailand | 1990–2000 | 171 | 80.7 | 53.1 | NR |
| 15 | Matsuda (2011) | Japan | 1993–1996 | 4220 | NR | 66.8 | NR |
| 1997–1999 | 4508 | NR | 75.5 | NR | |||
| 1993–1996 | NR | NR | 96.5 | NR | |||
| 1997–1999 | NR | NR | 97.6 | NR | |||
| 16 | Sankaranarayanan (2011) | China | 1996–2001 | NR | NR | 78.2 | NR |
| China | 1992–2000 | NR | NR | 36.3 | NR | ||
| China | 1992–1995 | NR | NR | 54.2 | NR | ||
| China | 1991–1999 | NR | NR | 68.4 | NR | ||
| India | 1991–1997 | NR | NR | 32.6 | NR | ||
| India | 1992–1999 | NR | NR | 42.3 | NR | ||
| Singapore | 1993–1997 | NR | NR | 64.3 | NR | ||
| 17 | Sriplung (2011) | Thailand | 1990–1999 | 144 | 80.8 | 32.1 | NR |
| 18 | Sumitsawan (2011) | Thailand | 1993–1997 | 107 | 78.8 | 30.4 | NR |
| 19 | Xiang (2011) | China | 1992–1995 | 639 | 68.8 | 36.9 | NR |
| 20 | Xishan (2011) | China | 1991–1999 | 423 | 74.5 | 52.5 | NR |
| 1981–1990 | NR | NR | 41.0 | NR | |||
| 21 | Yeole (2011) | India | 1992–1999 | 1463 | 64.3 | 24.0 | NR |
| 22 | Chang (2012) | Taiwan | 2002 | 5933 | NR | 77.1 | NR |
| 2002 | 1392 | NR | 66.7 | NR | |||
| 2002 | 1591 | NR | 69.3 | NR | |||
| 2002 | 2761 | NR | 58.9 | NR | |||
| 23 | Jung (2012) | Korea | 1993–1995 | NR | NR | 55.9 | NR |
| 1996–2000 | NR | NR | 67.2 | NR | |||
| 2001–2005 | NR | NR | 79.9 | NR | |||
| 2005–2009 | NR | NR | 87.6 | NR | |||
| 24 | Balasubramaniam (2013) | India | 1999–2002 | 371 | 92.0 | 62.0 | NR |
| 25 | Ito (2013) | Japan | 2000–2004 | NR | 81.0 | 87.0 | NR |
| 26 | Jung (2013) | Korea | 1993–1995 | NR | NR | 55.9 | NR |
| 1996–2000 | NR | NR | 67.2 | NR | |||
| 2001–2005 | NR | NR | 80.1 | NR | |||
| 2006–2010 | NR | NR | 90.2 | NR | |||
| 27 | Ito (2014) | Japan | 2002–2006 | 19519 | NR | 89.2 | 78.0 |
| 2001–2004 | NR | 94.2 | 79.6 | NR | |||
| 28 | Jung (2014) | Korea | 2007–2011 | NR | NR | 92.0 | NR |
| 29 | Takiar (2014) | India | 2011 | 1495 | 64.9 | 23.9 | NR |
| 30 | Jung (2015) | Korea | 2008–2012 | 92.3 | NR | ||
| 31 | Maringe (2015) | England (South Asians) | 1986–1995 | 310 | 92.3 | 54.4 | NR |
| England (Non-South Asians) | 1986–1995 | 35550 | 84.4 | 51.0 | NR | ||
| England (South Asians) | 1996–2004 | 1052 | 95.2 | 78.4 | NR | ||
| England (Non-South Asians) | 1996–2004 | 72724 | 95.0 | 81.1 | NR | ||
| 32 | Chang-Mo Oh (2016) | Korea | 2008–2013 | NR | NR | 92.5 | NR |
| 33 | Jung (2017) | Korea | 2010–2014 | NR | NR | 93.3 | NR |
| 34 | Chen (2018) | China | 2002–2014 | NR | 69.05 | 18.80 | 9.40 |
| 2002–2014 | NR | NR | 13.80 | NR | |||
| 2002–2014 | NR | NR | 24.00 | NR | |||
| 35 | Chien (2018) | Taiwan | 2000–2010 | NR | NR | 80.06 | NR |
| 2000–2010 | NR | NR | 71.62 | NR | |||
| 2000–2010 | NR | NR | 76.6 | NR | |||
| 36 | Jung (2018) | Korea | 2011–2015 | NR | NR | 94.1 | NR |
| 37 | Zeng (2018) | China | 2003–2005 | 11690 | NR | 53·8 | NR |
| 2006–2008 | NR | 60·8 | NR | ||||
| 2009–2011 | NR | 59·2 | NR | ||||
| 2012–2015 | NR | 66·4 | NR | ||||
[i] NR: Not Reported.
Figure 2
Forest plot of one-year survival rate of prostate cancer in Asian countries.
Figure 3
Forest plot of five-year survival rate of prostate cancer in Asian countries.
Figure 4
Forest plot of ten-year survival rate of prostate cancer in Asian countries.
Table 2
Result of meta-analysis and heterogeneity of survival rate of prostate cancer in Asia based on each country and years of survival.
| Country | Year of Survival | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | 10 | ||||||||||
| # of Study | Effect estimate | I2 | P-value | # of Study | Effect estimate | I2 | P-value | # of Study | Effectestimate | I2 | P-value | |
| China | 5 | 64.1 (56.2–72) | 88.1 | <0.001 | 9 | 45 (35–54.9) | 97.7 | <0.001 | 1 | 9.4 (3–23.5) | – | – |
| Hong Kong | 1 | 87.7 (86.5–88.8) | – | – | 1 | 55.6 (53.8–57.3) | – | – | – | NR | NR | NR |
| India | 4 | 78.2 (63.6–93.1) | 98.9 | <0.001 | 4 | 33.4 (19.3–47.5) | 98.5 | <0.001 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| Japan | 3 | 93.9 (87.6–99.8) | 99.4 | <0.001 | 13 | 64.2 (53.2–75.3) | 99.7 | <0.001 | 1 | 78 (75.9–80) | – | – |
| Philippines | 1 | 66 (51.8–77.1) | – | – | 1 | 15.6 (5.5–25.6) | – | – | – | NR | NR | NR |
| Singapore | 1 | 82.4 (79.6–85.1) | – | – | 1 | 44.6 (40.9–48.2) | – | – | 5 | 33 (20.7–45.4) | 78.3 | <0.001 |
| Korea | – | NR* | NR | NR | 10 | 84.9 (82.8–97) | 99.7 | <0.001 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| Taiwan | – | NR | NR | NR | 7 | 71.5 (67.2–75.7) | 98.6 | <0.001 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| Thailand | 4 | 79.9 (76.4–83.3) | 0 | 0.960 | 3 | 38.6 (23.9–53.3) | 89.7 | <0.001 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| Chinese Residents in Singapore | – | NR | NR | NR | 12 | 57.1 (48.9–65.3) | 80 | <0.001 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| England (South Asian) | 2 | 94.1 (91.3–96.8) | 63.4 | 0.099 | 2 | 67.2 (43.8–90.7) | 86.6 | 0.006 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| England (Non-South Asian) | 2 | 89.7 (79.3–99.6) | 99.9 | <0.001 | 2 | 66 (36.5–95.5) | 99.9 | <0.001 | – | NR | NR | NR |
| Overall | 24 | 81 (77.8–84.2) | 99.5 | <0.001 | 65 | 61.9 (59.5–64.3) | 99.8 | <0.001 | 7 | 36.2 (9.2–63.2) | 98.5 | <0.001 |
[i] * NR: Not reported.
Figure 5
Result of meta-regression for one (left) and five-years (right) survival rate based on HDI, sample size and year of study.