Table 1
Subjects characteristics by gender.
| Men | Women | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 1064 (31.1) | 2356 (68.9) | 3420 (100.0) |
| Age (years)† | 51.6 ± 0.33 | 49.6 ± 0.33 | 50.2 ± 0.27 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg)† | 134.9 ± 0.69 | 129.4 ± 0.49 | 131.2 ± 0.40 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg)† | 77.5 ± 0.38 | 76.4 ± 0.23 | 76.7 ± 0.20 |
[i] Data are presented as mean ± SEM. † Differences between means using Student t-test p < 0.001.
Abbreviations: BP – Blood pressure.
Table 2
Comparative Crude and Age-Standardize Prevalence by Gender According to the 2017 AHA/ACC and JNC 7 Guidelines.
| Guideline | 2017 AHA/ACC | JNC 7 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Definition used | SBP/DBP ≥ 130/80 mmHg or self-reported hypertension | SBP/DBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension | ||
| Overall, crude | 60.4 (58.7–62.0) | 47.4 (45.7–49.0) | ||
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| Overall, age-sex standardize | 55.4 (52.4–58.3) | 49.0 (46.9–51.0) | 37.9 (33.8–42.1) | 36.3 (33.5–39.2) |
| Age group | ||||
| 20–29 | 34.1 (25.8–42.3) | 19.5 (15.0–23.9) | 11.8 (6.1–14.4) | 8.6 (5.4–11.7) |
| 30–39 | 47.7 (39.7–55.6) | 35.0 (30.2–39.7) | 27.8 (20.6–34.9) | 20.6 (16.5–24.6) |
| 40–49 | 55.4 (48.2–62.3) | 54.8 (50.2–59.2) | 38.5 (31.6–45.3) | 37.9 (33.4–42.3) |
| 50–59 | 75.2 (69.3–81.0) | 67.2 (63.2–71.1) | 58.6 (51.9–65.2) | 53.3 (49.1–57.4) |
| 60–69 | 75.7 (70.0–81.3) | 83.1 (79.5–86.6) | 66.1 (59.8–72.3) | 73.9 (69.7–78.1) |
| 70–79 | 85.3 (78.8–91.7) | 91.0 (86.8–95.2) | 81.0 (73.8–88.1) | 86.5 (81.4–91.5) |
| 80 or older | 78.7 (66.9–90.4) | 87.3 (79.6–94.9) | 74.5 (62.0–86.9) | 81.9 (73.0–90.7) |
[i] Data are presented as a percent and 95 CI. Differences between genders were calculated using Chi-Square. Abbreviations: ACC – American College of Cardiology; AHA – American Heart Association; DBP – Diastolic Blood Pressure; SBP – Systolic Blood Pressure.
Figure 1
Prevalence of hypertension by age according to the 2017 AHA/ACC and JNC7 definitions in men and women.
Table 3
Age-standardized Prevalence and Estimated Number of Adults with Hypertension and Uncontrolled Hypertension in Venezuela According to the 2017 AHA/ACC Guideline by Gender.
| Subjects without self-report of hypertension (n = 2147) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Men (n = 694) | Women (n = 1452) | |
| Classification of blood pressure | ||
| Normal (%) (<120/80 mmHg) | 33.3 | 53.9 |
| Estimated number | 2,576,673 | 3,910,676 |
| Elevated (%) (120–129/<80 mmHg) | 23.4 | 13.8 |
| Estimated number | 1,810,635 | 1,001,249 |
| Hypertension Stage 1 (%) (130–139/80–89 mmHg) | 22.9 | 19.2 |
| Estimated number | 1,771,946 | 1,393,042 |
| Recommended only lifestyle treatment (%) | 90.7 | 94.4 |
| Estimated number | 1,607,155 | 1,315,032 |
| Recommended pharmacological treatment (%) | 9.3 | 5,6 |
| Estimated number | 164,791 | 78,010 |
| Hypertension Stage 2 (%) (≥140/90 mmHg) | 20.4 | 13.1 |
| Estimated number | 1,578,502 | 950,461 |
| Total number of subjects that require initiate antihypertensive medication (Stage 2 + Stage 1 with 10y CV risk ≥10% or DM) | 2,771,764 | |
| Subjects with self-report of hypertension (n = 1272) | ||
| Men (n = 369) | Women (n = 903) | |
| Age-standardized prevalence of self-reported hypertension (%) | 24.6 | 29.3 |
| Estimated number | 2,524,520 | 3,006,847 |
| Prevalence of treated and uncontrolled hypertensive adults (≥130/80 mmHg) | 66.8 | 65.8 |
| Estimated number | 1,686,379 | 1,978,505 |
| Total number of hypertensive adults (Self-reported + Stage 1 + Stage 2) | 5,874,968 | 5,350,350 |
| Total (both sex) number of hypertensive adults | 11,225,318 | |
[i] Abbreviations: AHA – American Heart Association; ACC – American College of Cardiology; CV – Cardiovascular risk; DM – Diabetes mellitus.
Figure 2
Prevalence of undiagnosed, treated, and controlled subjects with hypertension by age and gender.