Figure 1
Chinese construction aid statistics: proportions of building typologies according to the authors’ database. [Drawing by Wei Chang].
Figure 2
Chinese construction aid statistics: levels of foreign aid funding from 1953–79. [Drawing by Wei Chang].
Figure 3
Department store designed by Chinese architects led by Gong Deshun: Wangfujing, Beijing (1954; the lighter block to the right-hand side is a newer addition). [Photograph by Wei Chang].
Figure 4
Department store designed by Chinese architects led by Gong Deshun: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (1962). [Photograph by Wei Chang].
Figure 5
Main frontage of the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall, Colombo, Ceylon/Sri Lanka (1973). [Photograph by Charlie Xue].
Figure 6
Section through the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall. [Photograph by Guanghui Ding].
Figure 7
Auditorium in the Bandaranaike Hall. [Photograph by Charlie Xue].
Figure 8
Exterior glass louvres around the main foyer of the Bandaranaike Hall. [Photograph by Charlie Xue].
Figure 9
One of the Beijing cultural buildings in which Dai Nianci was involved, in this case the Fine Arts Museum (1962). [Photograph by Guanghui Ding].
Figure 10
Another key Beijing project involving Dai Nianci as designer, here the Sino-Soviet Friendship Building (1956). [Courtesy of CAG].
Figure 11
Mongolia’s main stadium built with Chinese construction aid in Ulaanbaatar (1961). [Courtesy of the China Architectural Design Group].
Figure 12
The Chinese-donated GBK Stadium in Djakarta, Indonesia (1963). [Courtesy of the China Architectural Design Group].
Figure 13
Major sports facility in Cambodia built with Chinese foreign aid: the Phnom Penh National Olympic Stadium (1963). [Courtesy of China Architectural Design Group].
Figure 14
Mao Zedong met with many ‘Third World’ leaders in his later years: here a photograph records his summit in 1974 with Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan. [Image from People’s Pictorial].
Figure 15
Aerial view of the Pakistani Sports Centre in Islamabad (1975–84), as shown in this 1976 perspectival drawing by Wang Tianxi. [Courtesy of the China Architectural Design Group].
Figure 16
Gymnasium in the Islamabad sports facility, supported on its four corner cluster-columns. [Courtesy of the China Architectural Design Group].
Figure 17
Building technique as applied to a similar project back in China: the Shenzhen Gymnasium (1985). [Photograph by Sun Cong].