Dance as a mode of intervention in indigenizing social work in Sri Lanka: A systematic review

This review examines the connection between Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) and social work, focusing on two traditional Sri Lankan dances: Low-country dance and Bharatanatyam. It emphasizes the importance of adapting social work practices to local cultural contexts by integrating therapeutic elements from these dance forms. Using thematic analysis of secondary data from national and international sources, the review identifies key therapeutic aspects of Sri Lankan dance rituals and their relevance when addressing contemporary societal challenges. The findings suggest a mutually beneficial relationship between DMT and social work in Sri Lanka, highlighting kinesthetic empathy, attunement, and sensory-based principles as key healing elements in DMT. For example, the traditional Shanthikarma ritual, Rata Yakuma, provides therapeutic benefits through expressive movements, drumming, chanting, and enactments that support emotional well-being. Bharatanatyam, too, generates physical and cognitive benefits through rhythmic movements, hand gestures, and emotional expression. The review highlights performing arts’ role in post-war reconciliation in Sri Lanka, promoting cultural integration and addressing societal issues. It also explores dance-based research methods and anti-oppressive DMT strategies, recommending a strengths-based approach to assess factors impacting service users. This model examines both environmental and personal factors, and strengths and deficits, contributing to the challenges faced by service users.  The review promotes a strengths-based approach, empowering service users as creative performers. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges of indigenizing social work in Sri Lanka, advocating for the integration of traditional dance into therapy to tackle culturally specific issues, promote social integration, and enhance holistic well-being within social work practice.