Hyperpigmentation in a newborn: not to forget this common cause in tropical countries: a case report

Neonatal hyperpigmentation secondary to chikungunya infection is very common in tropical countries where chikungunya is endemic. Acquired infection in the perinatal period should be suspected in all neonates presenting with neurological or dermatological manifestations in the immediate postnatal period. We present a newborn baby who had hyperpigmentation which started from day 5 of life with lethargy and on extensive evaluation was found to have neonatal chikungunya. Babies with perinatal chikungunya infection are prone to developmental delay and require long term neuro-developmental follow-up. Hence the importance of following appropriate preventative vector measures and prompt diagnosis of infective conditions in tropical countries.