System spectrum analysis and six-month outcome of patients with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporarily associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 at a tertiary hospital in eastern India

Background: Whilst there are plenty of studies on patients with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporarily associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (PIMS-TS), there is a scarcity of studies worldwide regarding follow up of these patients.

Objectives: To assess the clinical, laboratory and imaging data and outcome of patients with PIMS-TS in the 6-month follow-up.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences,
Ramakrishna Mission, Seva Pratisthan, Kolkata, India on all children under 12 years of age admitted from 1st March to 31st August 2021 with World Health Organisation criteria of PIMS-TS.

Main outcome measures: Clinical features of different systems, routine laboratory investigations, liver and renal function tests, acute phase reactants, cardiac markers like NT-proBNP, urine analysis, echocardiogram, ultrasonography of abdomen and magnetic resonance imaging of brain.

Results: Twenty-one patients (13 male, 8 female) were included in this study. Median age of presentation was 3 years; 3 patients had pre-existing comorbidities; all patients had elevated inflammatory markers at baseline; 14 patients had significant findings on echocardiography on admission; all patients were discharged in stable condition. At the 6-month follow-up, 2 patients had raised C-reactive protein; significant dilatation of coronary artery persisted in 2 patients; gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory symptoms, cutaneous manifestations and neurological features resolved in all patients.

Conclusions: Though many patients had very serious presentations, most of them were completely free clinically, laboratory-wise and imaging-wise by 6 months.

Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 2023: 52(2): 195-201