Comparative Study to Analyse the Effect of Benzydamine Hydrochloride and Lignocaine Gargle to Reduce Cumulative Propofol Consumption in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Background: A combination of propofol and topical analgesics in patients undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) offers an alternative approach to minimize propofol usage while ensuring sufficient sedation and mitigating the side effects of propofol. The present study aims at comparing the effect of benzydamine hydrochloride (HCL) and lignocaine gargle on cumulative propofol consumption in patients undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP).
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in patients posted for ERCP under propofol sedation. A total of 120 patients aged 18-65 years were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 40 patients. Group 1 patients received 15ML of 0.15% benzydamine HCL 3 minutes prior to the procedure, whereas group 2 received 15ML of 2% lignocaine viscous, and group 3 received 15ML of sterile water. Sedation was carried out by the administration of intravenous bolus dose of propofol followed by infusion. Cumulative propofol consumption per kg body weight per minute, recovery time, and incidence of postoperative sore throat were recorded in each group.
Results: Cumulative propofol consumption in the benzydamine HCL group was 141.2 +/- 39.46 mcg/kg/min, in the lignocaine group 154.85 +/- 40.85, and in the control group 183.38+/-43.39 (p value <0.001). Recovery time in group 1 was 6.04+/-0.86 mins, group 2 was 6.4+/-1.22 mins, and in group 3 was 10.45+/-1.24 mins (p value of <0.001).
Conclusion: Benzydamine HCL and lignocaine viscous gargle are effective in reducing cumulative propofol consumption in ERCP. The incidence of sore throat and other side effects were less in the study groups when compared with the control group.